When and how to start developing a newborn. Developmental activities with a newborn. For physical development

Even today your child is an unintelligent baby, but very soon an active one-year-old baby will be running around the house. To know whether the baby is acquiring all the necessary skills on time, you need to track his development month by month.

First year of life: child development calendar

We present to your attention a detailed calendar of child development from birth to achievement. The period up to one year is the stage of life when the baby learns everything around him, studies himself and those around him, so this is one of the most important life stages. Therefore, we read carefully. But first we want to show you a short video summary of a child’s development month by month:

First month

Key points in the development of a child in the second month of life:

• reacts to sounds, turns his head towards its source;
• examines his own palms and fingers, clenches them into fists and examines them;
• makes the first awkward attempts to reach the rattle;
• the newborn’s reflexes gradually fade away;
• The child’s visual apparatus improves; from this age the baby begins to show interest in bright objects.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 800 g.
Increase in height - 3 cm.

Third month

• being raised to a vertical position and touching the surface with his feet, he tries to push off with his legs;
• hums and imitates sounds made by adults (“ma-ma”, “a-gu”);
• reaches for toys, grabs them and pulls them to his mouth;
• enjoys playing with an adult, but may cry if the game stops;
• At 5 months, many children begin to erupt their first teeth.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 700 g.
Increase in height – 2 cm.

Sixth month

• , by the end of the 6th month it can crawl 20-30 cm towards the object;
• getting on all fours, he learns to sway back and forth, which helps strengthen the skill of crawling;
• uses both hands in play, transfers toys from one hand to the other;
• plays on an educational mat with an unbreakable mirror, prefers musical toys;

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 650 g.
Increase in height – 2 cm.

Seventh month

• reaches for an object or towards mother with both hands;
• sits down with the help of an adult and;
• tries to attract attention to himself, shows interest in simple games (“peek-a-boo”, “okay”);
• actively sings sounds, a simple onomatopoeia of animal voices appears (“ha-ha”, “quack-quack”);
• loves to leaf through books and look at bright pictures.

Increase in height – 2 cm.

Eighth month

The child is much more active than in previous months. He can sit up and move around by crawling and stands up in his crib. The baby easily distinguishes his parents from strangers and will be able to find their faces even in photographs. Shows a desire to hold a spoon independently when eating. Understands simple requests - to show something or bring one of his toys.

• Physical development

Experiences the pleasure of walking and masters side steps near any available support. Sits independently, and while crawling can stand up and swing on all fours.

• Psychomotor development

Babbles, repeating the syllables “ma-ma-ma”, “ba-pa”, etc. Masters the goodbye hand movement. Loves to play “peek-a-boo” and “okay”. When asking a question, he tries to look for a familiar object or person.

Key points in the development of a child in the eighth month of life:

• holding onto a support;
• easily navigates and moves from one place to another;
• the child no longer likes lying down, he tries to take a vertical position at any opportunity;
• actively babbles, the vocabulary will be replenished with new sounds and simple words.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 550 g.

Ninth month

Standing on his feet and trying to take the first uncertain steps, holding on to the support. He has not yet learned to get down on the floor without falling, so he may fall often. By the end of the month, the child will learn to better maintain balance and equilibrium. The baby is already drinking well from a sippy cup with a spout and is learning to drink from an adult mug.

• Physical development

The baby is actively starting to learn to walk independently. A nine-month-old baby sits down and stands on its legs, holding onto a support, without the help of an adult. Walks with support from both hands.

• Psychomotor development

He begins to imitate himself, repeating random sounds and syllables. Reacts to his own name. He plays “okay” and waves “bye-bye.”

Key points in the development of a child in the ninth month of life:

• sits down from a lying position on his back/stomach independently;
• while crawling, it can turn around and move in any direction, not just forward;
• remembers the names of surrounding objects well and, upon request, shows them;
• reacts to the word “impossible”, understands prohibitions;
• babbles a lot in his own language, understandable only to those close to him.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 500 g.
Increase in height – 1.5 cm.

Tenth month

The baby can maintain balance and even take several steps in a row until an adult picks him up. 15-20 minutes of continuous play, getting carried away with the pyramid or cubes. Can turn pages in books. Strives to play with other children at a party or on a walk.

• Physical development

A ten-month-old baby, holding onto a support with only one hand, can take independent steps. Squats and stands up at will for any object. The main method of movement is no longer crawling, but walking.

• Psychomotor development

Strives to copy adult speech, listens attentively to the conversation. Recognizes and finds familiar objects at the request of an adult (“give me Lala”, “where is the ball?”)

Key points in the development of a child in the tenth month of life:

• can stand for several moments without support;
• takes 2-3 steps forward without support;
• crawls on hands and knees, supporting body weight on them;
• loves to throw toys out of the crib/playpen;
• shows body parts on himself and on an adult.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 450 g.
Increase in height – 1.5 cm.

Eleventh month

To everything that surrounds them. The child strives to explore an object in a variety of ways - shaking it in the air, throwing it or hitting it on a surface. He loves to play the game “hidden toy” and finds it easily. In books, he looks at the correct picture when he hears the name of a certain object.

• Physical development

At 11 months, the child stands confidently without support. Actively learns to take the first step without support. Loves to move, dance to music, play with other children.

• Psychomotor development

Pronounces conscious babbling words (“ma-ma”, “pa-pa”, “av-av”). Reacts to the word “no”. Plays with a pyramid. Knows and shows parts of his body.

Key points in the development of a child in the eleventh month of life:

• actively moves (sits, lies down, stands up independently);
• partial to praise, also understands strict speech;
• can point with a finger at the desired object;
• new steps in communicating with an adult: waving “hello”/”bye” with a pen, nodding affirmatively or negatively waving his head;
• can independently pick up small pieces of food with his fingers.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 400 g.
Increase in height – 1.5 cm.

Twelfth month (1 year)

Like a little personality. . In short, he worries less in the presence of strangers, behaves assertively, and actively expresses his desires. Begins to demonstrate possessive tendencies towards mother or toys. The child’s vocabulary grows very quickly, the baby understands all speech addressed to him and tries to respond.

• Physical development

A one-year-old child stands confidently and walks without support. The baby is active in combing his hair, bathing, and dressing. Tries to hold a spoon independently and eat thick food from it; learns to drink from a mug.

• Psychomotor development

Pronounces the first words, correlating them with actions - “give”, “bang”, “am-am”. Fulfills simple requests - “go to mom,” “give me a cube.” Knows the purpose of simple objects (telephone, comb, toothbrush).

Key points in the development of a child in the twelfth month of life:

• can walk a short distance without support or support;
• bends over and picks up objects on the floor;
• can step over an obstacle in the form of a threshold or a lying toy;
• looks for the necessary item at will, even if he did not see where it was put;
• expresses his needs and desires in simple words. Calling mom and dad. Vocabulary by this age is 8-12 words.

Weight gain (on average) by the end of the month – 600 g.
Increase in height – by 2-3 cm.

A useful story about how to care for a baby

Differences in the development of boys and girls

Pediatricians have long noticed that there are differences in the development of newborn babies of different sexes. And although each child is individual, some patterns exist. For example:

– Boys are born larger than girls in height and weight. Thus, in full-term male newborns, the average height at birth is 53-56 cm, while in girls it is only 49-52 cm;

– speaking about children’s standards for general physical and mental growth, it is noted that the development of boys is slightly behind their peers already at the time of birth. But this difference is unnoticeable and lasts no more than 2-3 weeks;

– representatives of the fair sex are smaller at birth, but later the physical development of girls accelerates. On average, their bone skeleton is formed earlier than in boys.

Table with height and weight standards for children under one year old

Using a centile table, you can track the approximate norms of a child’s monthly weight gain, and how the baby’s body length should increase. Height and weight standards for children are given in terms of minimum/maximum values, so they can be used as a guide.

Table of key points in child development from 0 to 1 year

A brief overview of the table, which shows the development of a child up to one year old by month, will be an excellent “cheat sheet” for young mothers.

Since the life of a large family was replaced by separate living of a newly created family, young mothers have developed uncertainty and a feeling of helplessness after childbirth in the correctness and timeliness of the development of the newborn.

Without extensive experience in “babysitting” small children, a woman is stupefied by literally everything related to the physiological and mental development of her baby, especially in the first year of the child’s life.

We offer you a brief overview of the development of a child up to one year old. Let’s look at the first month of life, the most difficult in terms of how a young mother and baby adapt to each other, in more detail - week by week.

Week one, getting to know each other

Sense organs of a newborn. The long-awaited return home. Now the baby can get to know his mother in a calm atmosphere, see, hear, smell and touch the world around him from a new perspective, already familiar to him in absentia from the muffled sounds coming from outside during intrauterine life.

A newly born child's vision is blurry; he can only distinguish large objects located nearby, which is a kind of protection against the sudden surge of colors and shapes. Hearing, smell and touch are quite developed in a newborn; these sense organs developed while still alive inside the mother.

Breast-feeding

In the first week after birth, it is very important to establish breastfeeding. Get used to the fact that for the first time after birth, the baby will be in your arms almost all the time during waking moments and will constantly demand the breast.

It’s not so much a matter of hunger, but rather a need to feel the unity that is broken with the mother. Attachment to the breast at one week of age is perhaps the only and most effective way to calm a crying baby.

First bath

The first bath after birth is the most frightening procedure for new mothers and fathers. Try to do it correctly and calmly, so as not to spoil everything the first time and not cause the baby to dislike water.

Physiological characteristics of the newborn that most often cause concern:

• Regurgitation. Many mothers worry that the baby spits up often and a lot and does not eat enough. Spitting up is normal for babies up to 6 months old.

They occur due to the immaturity of the digestive tract, immaturity of the nervous system and incorrect organization of the breastfeeding process, during which air is swallowed.

For a one-week-old baby, the norm is to regurgitate after each feeding in a volume of no more than 2 tablespoons and once a day in a “fountain”. You can check the amount of milk regurgitated by pouring 2 tablespoons of water onto the diaper and comparing the stains formed from the water and milk.

• Weight loss. In the first days after birth, breastfed babies tend to lose weight. This is normal and temporary. They will gain weight when breastfeeding is fully established.
• Jaundice. You may notice that 2-3 days after birth, the newborn’s skin tone has turned yellow. The phenomenon is also normal and is an adaptive process that results in the formation of excess bilirubin in the blood, which turns the skin yellow. If jaundice is not pathological, it goes away on its own in 7-14 days.
• Strabismus. Sometimes it may seem that a newborn's eyes are squinting. This occurs due to weakness of the eyeball muscles and inability to focus the gaze. Help your baby learn to use his eyes - hang a large, bright toy above the crib in the center, and the eyes will begin to move in sync within a few days or weeks. In very rare cases, strabismus can last up to six months, which is not yet a cause for concern.
• Trembling in sleep. Does your baby startle suddenly in his sleep? It is not at all necessary that he has problems with the nervous system. Swaddle him tightly while he sleeps to create similar living conditions during pregnancy and the baby will become calmer. Such tremors disappear on average by 3-4 months after the birth of the child.
• Peeling of the skin. After birth, the baby does not have a very attractive appearance due to a special lubricant that covers his body to facilitate the birth process and initially protect the skin from contact with air. There is no need to take it off for the first 2-3 days. Then it is absorbed and the child’s skin adapts to new conditions, resulting in peeling.

When does a child begin to hear well and on what day after birth does this happen?

Do not use detergents; if the skin is dry, lubricate it, preferably with any vegetable oil, previously sterilized in a water bath. When walking, ensure that your baby is isolated from gusts of wind and direct sunlight. If you follow these recommendations, the peeling will soon go away.

Week two, getting used to it

A week has passed. For a newborn, this is a huge period of time, including a lot of new impressions, getting to know his body and the world around him. The umbilical wound is healing. The baby completely adapts to the new way of getting food. The number of intestinal bowel movements is normalized and is 3-4 times a day.

Weight gain begins. The baby becomes more and more interested in what is happening around him and begins to listen to surrounding sounds and look at objects more carefully. He can examine all the details from a distance of 20-25 cm. At this time, facial expressions begin to develop - your pet may even please you with his first smile.

Now your happiness can be overshadowed by the onset of intestinal colic, accompanied by prolonged crying and squeezing, twisting of the legs. You can start fighting them, but there is no consensus among doctors about both the cause of their occurrence and ways to alleviate the condition. There is only one piece of advice: be patient, sooner or later they will stop.

Week three, small victories

The third week marks the first achievements in your baby's life. Lying on his tummy, he tries to raise his head and examine the surrounding objects. He succeeds in this for a while. The baby's movements become more and more orderly, he makes attempts to reach the toys suspended above him.

When you address him, the baby becomes quiet, looks into the face of the speaker, reacts to the intonation of the voice and may hum and smile in response. During this period, it is more difficult to calm the baby; to relieve the tension of the nervous system overflowing with new impressions, he may cry for a long time. For some babies, crying for 20 minutes before falling asleep becomes the norm. The intonation of crying becomes more and more demanding.

Week four, summing up

The first month of life is coming to an end. The baby goes from newborn to infancy. The child’s vestibular apparatus is improving - he senses the position of his body in space, which will soon allow him to roll over and grasp objects.

The flexor muscles are still stronger than the extensor muscles and the limbs are in a semi-flexed position.

Muscle hypertonicity is a normal physiological condition for children under one month old.

A month after the birth of your child, you need to undergo a medical examination, during which doctors will evaluate physiological development and its compliance with age standards.

What should a child be able to do by the end of the fourth week of life:

• focus your gaze on the object in question, turn your head towards the outgoing sound;
• recognize parents and perk up when they appear in sight;
• try to briefly hold your head while lying on your stomach.

Height and weight

Here are the average indicators developed by the World Health Organization. In parentheses we will indicate critical values ​​indicating the need for a medical examination. Everything that falls within this range is a variant of the norm.

Second month

The period is characterized by the establishment of a similar pattern of sleep and wakefulness. The baby still sleeps a lot, but now mom knows when and approximately how much time he needs to rest. Now he can firmly grasp everything that falls into his hands.

What a baby should be able to do:

• focus your gaze not only on moving, but also on stationary objects;
• roll over from side to side;
• briefly hold the head from a position lying on your tummy, try to rise on your arms, arching your back, turn your head towards the sound;
• demonstrate the support reflex: feel the support under your legs and push off from it;
• demonstrate a “revival complex” when adults appear: smile, move arms and legs, arch, “walk”, making drawn-out vowel sounds.

The main principles of smooth weaning of a child from the breast

Third month

If development proceeds at an average pace, then at the age of three months the child has learned to roll over from his back to his tummy and lift himself from his tummy on his arms, maintaining this position for up to several minutes.

Don't worry if your baby doesn't succeed, he will catch up by 4-5 months.

Due to the increase in subcutaneous fat deposits, the baby acquires rounded shapes, swelling with folds appears on the arms and legs. The child puts everything into his mouth and tastes it. At three months you need to undergo a second medical examination.

Skills and abilities:

• the revival complex develops further, the child tries to talk using “cooing” and is very happy to see mom or dad;
• rollover from back to stomach;
• emphasis on the arms with raising the body while lying on the stomach and holding in this position.

Fourth month

Most children by this age end with problems with intestinal colic, and mothers can breathe easy, but not for long - the first teeth may soon appear. Some are destined not to receive the long-awaited respite.

Skills and abilities:

• holding small objects with ease;
• babbling, humming, pronouncing the syllables “ba”, “ma”, “pa” and others;
• reaction to your name;
• confident holding of the head in an upright position in the arms of an adult;
• grasping, pulling towards oneself and tasting objects of interest;
• first attempts at squats.

Fifth month

The baby's physical activity has increased so much that the best place for him now is the floor, where he can happily perform all sorts of tricks. By this time he had already become bored with the crib. Now the restless one needs vigilant supervision. Most people start teething, which is accompanied by itching, anxiety and profuse drooling.

What a child should be able to do:

• roll over from back to stomach and back, pull yourself up on your arms, make your first attempts to crawl and sit down;
• play with toys independently for 5-10 minutes;
• “talk” in syllables vaguely reminiscent of human speech.

Sixth month

The child tries to crawl, and many do it well. Attempts to sit down turn into triumph, but the spine does not yet have strength, and the little one cannot sit for a long time. He actively explores the world, showing capriciousness due to his teeth bothering him. At six months you need to have another medical examination.

Skills and abilities:

• short sitting in pillows, a highchair, or a stroller;
• crawl;
• laughter, muttering, and even something similar to singing;
• jumping in the arms of an adult with the support of the arms, which becomes the toddler’s favorite pastime.

Seventh month

By this time, the child has learned to understand the meaning of many words and points his finger at objects of interest. He understands that the trick with missing things is just a trick, and they can be found.

Many toddlers begin to experience fear when parting with their mother, which is a high indicator of mental development.

Skills and abilities:

• the child stands up with the help of support and moves while standing;
• crawls confidently, but it also happens that the baby skips the crawling period and immediately begins to move, holding onto support.

When does a child begin to see the world around him after birth?

Eighth month

Your baby learns to achieve her goal by being persistent and measuring the boundaries of what is permitted. He already understands the word “impossible” well, which greatly upsets the little man. Character traits emerge. A child may already have 4-6 teeth, but there is no clear time frame for teething; all children undergo the process individually. The level of distrust of strangers increases even more.

What can a child do:

• sit down independently;
• throw toys and transfer them from one hand to another;
• take the first steps holding the hands of an adult.

Ninth month

The child is growing before our eyes. Once helpless, he now tries to do everything on his own, despite the fact that it turns out poorly. The baby is good at sitting, standing up and walking with the help of support. Speech skills are developing, some children are already pronouncing their first words.

The child can explain himself using facial expressions, gestures, syllables and words. Copies the intonation of adults well.

At 9 months, a medical examination is necessary to assess the baby's development.

What a child can do:

• holds a spoon in his hands and tries to eat independently, drinks from a mug or sippy cup;
• at the request of an adult, takes objects that are named to him;
• sits up, sits, crawls and walks independently;
• transforms babble into words.

Tenth month

The skills and abilities acquired in the 9th month of life are further developed.

All parents, without exception, worry about the health of their child. The issue of full physical, mental, and neuropsychic development especially worries parents in the first year of the baby’s life. How does a child develop month by month? We offer for consideration an approximate plan for the development of a toddler: we will evaluate the psychophysical development of a child up to one year old, terms and standards according to WHO.

Up to one year, all babies develop approximately the same, but you need to make allowances for the individual characteristics and parameters of the child at birth

Table of physical parameters up to a year

To assess the rate of growth, weight gain and physical development of the baby, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the average generally accepted indicators of the stages of development of a child up to one year. However, we must not forget that all children have individual development schedules; exact compliance with the given tables is not mandatory; minor deviations from the norms are allowed. Do not forget also that boys and girls differ slightly in their neuropsychic development, but if the child does not acquire normal skills and development indicators for his age for a long time, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Table of physiological parameters of a child up to one year: (we recommend reading:)

So, how does a newborn baby grow during the first year? Let's consider the development of a child up to one year using a calendar divided into every 3 months from the birth of the baby.

From birth to 3 months

A newborn is born with developed hearing and vision. There is a clear manifestation of innate reflexes: the child can suck, swallow, blink and grab from the first minutes of life. However, the baby is not yet capable of rolling over. A newborn cannot lift his head from a position on his tummy, but the instinct of self-preservation kicks in - he turns his head onto his cheek.

The baby is able to hold his head for several seconds and tries to lift it when he lies on his tummy. In a month, a response to sounds and sudden movements occurs, expressed in the involuntary spreading of the arms and their subsequent pressing to the body. Spontaneous imitation of walking can also be observed.

2 MONTHS

The baby lifts and holds the head “standing” for 1 – 1.5 minutes, and from a position on the tummy, it can lift not only the head, but also the chest. Pays attention to sounds and bright lights by turning his head and looking attentively. There is an intensive development of the vestibular apparatus. The child grabs and holds moving objects.

3 MONTHS

At 3 months, the baby should hold his head well for 1 to 3 minutes. From a lying position on his stomach he can rise up, leaning on his elbows. He begins to roll over, spin, and change position, but there is still no clear coordination in his movements. He watches the toys with interest and reaches out to them. He begins to put his fingers in his mouth, grab and pull the sheet.

I like the company of adults. Communication with parents is very captivating for the baby, the baby “comes to life”, shows joy, smiles, laughs. Can walk for a long time, turns its head towards unfamiliar sounds. Now the baby is especially touching, don’t forget to take photos often as a keepsake!

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From 4 months to six months

4 MONTHS

While in a supine position, the infant raises his head. If you put it on its legs, it rests firmly on them. Starts to sit up and can easily roll over from back to tummy. Freely lifts the body and rests on the palms when lying on the tummy. Carefully observes objects and can grab them. Played with rattles (we recommend reading:).

5 MONTHS

The baby can sit, but still does not hold his back straight; he can stand on his legs if he is held by the arms. Makes first attempts to roll over from tummy to back. Holds an interesting object in his hand for a long time. Recognizes parents, begins to be afraid of strangers. According to Komarovsky, the baby already understands various vocal intonations and begins to distinguish and understand the mother’s emotions.

6 MONTHS

At this stage, the child can already sit. It holds its back straight and easily rotates in all directions. With a little help from an adult, he can stand on his feet and tries to walk. He begins to get on all fours and move around in this way. Already actively waving toys, picking up fallen objects.

Noticeable changes also occur in speech:

• begins to express the first requests;
• the humming is replaced by simple babbling sounds “ma”, “pa”, “ba”.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From six months to 9 months

7 MONTHS

The baby can easily and quickly crawl on all fours and sit freely and for a long time. In a sitting position, he straightens and bends. Holding onto furniture, he can kneel down, and with the support of adults he can stand and walk. Interested in his mirror image. Can point with eyes at large objects, called adults.

8 MONTHS

According to the development calendar, at 8 months the child can sit down independently and even stand on his feet (more details in the article:). He begins to play "palm", imitating clapping his hands. He enjoys trying to take his first steps with the help of adults. Mimic movements of the face acquire a rich variety. The baby expresses interest, surprise, and fear with facial expressions.

He easily finds an object that interests him and persistently tries to reach it. Spends a lot of time in games - he can look at toys for a long time, knock them, throw them.

9 MONTHS

Standing on his feet, he refuses support. Likes to walk, leaning on furniture, tries to get to his feet from any position. Starts to climb on high places - boxes, benches, pillows. At 9 months, motor skills become more complex, the baby can assemble small parts of toys, sort through construction sets, and move cars.

Understands and can fulfill simple requests, such as “pass the ball” or “wave your hand.” For games he chooses a sitting position, easily and quickly remembers new words. I like to look for dropped or hidden objects. Responds when called by name. Begins to distinguish words not only by intonation, but also by meaning. Can sort objects by shape, color, size.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

From 10 months to 1 year

10 MONTHS

After 10 months, the child gets on his feet without help and begins to walk. Begins to step when supported by one handle. Can pick up a small object with his fingers, gets upset when toys he likes are taken away. Often and consciously imitates the movements of adults, can open-close, lift-throw, hide-find. The child pronounces simple monosyllabic words.

11 MONTHS

1 YEAR

After 11-12 months, a difficult stage of development begins. Boys often develop a little slower than girls. The ability to walk independently appears. He may come up to him if his name is called. Able to squat and stand up without support. Picks up objects from the floor without sitting down. Can carry out complex tasks: close doors, bring a toy from another room.

Shows interest in the process of undressing and bathing. Says about ten simple words. At one year old, the child watches people and cars with interest. You can find more detailed information on the Internet by watching Komarovsky’s video about the proper development of children from 0 to one year.

Physical Features

Neuropsychic development

Doctor Komarovsky's opinion

Dr. Komarovsky, who is popular today, talks clearly and interestingly about children in his book “The Beginning of Life: Your Child from Birth to 1 Year,” as well as in his video lessons. Of course, the main emphasis is on pediatric issues, but in addition, from books and lectures you can learn about:

• principles of caring for toddlers;
• nutrition and feeding of children (according to WHO, as well as according to the author’s complementary feeding methodology);
• key stages of growth and development (when the baby should sit, crawl, stand and walk).

Most recently, you have been studying the literature about easy childbirth and establishing breastfeeding, and now the first days with a baby in your arms are already behind you. The baby is slowly getting used to life outside of mom’s cozy tummy, and you are getting used to your new life - full of great joys and small anxieties. Somewhere in the corners of my memory, snippets of what I read about, something about nursery rhymes, laying on the stomach, stimulating the grasping reflex begin to emerge...

But let's talk about everything in order. And please don’t be surprised by the title of the article.

It is necessary to develop a newborn

I will not urge you to quickly start showing your baby cards with letters and teach how to fold a pyramid to a baby who is still learning to focus his eyes on an object that interests him and gets acquainted with his own body. All the activities that we will discuss below are based on the characteristics of the physiology and psychology of the newborn.

But you must remember - everything you do now for your baby - the songs you sing, the tone of voice and facial expression with which you address the child, the way you carry out standard hygiene procedures, the way you react to his cries , what you fill the short intervals of his wakefulness - all this does not pass without a trace and contributes to the development of the baby, the formation of basic trust in the world, the establishment of emotional contact with his mother and the laying of other important foundations of his character.

Therefore, let's not waste precious time and try to make these first weeks of our baby's life comfortable, useful and enjoyable for him.

Before we start talking about how to develop a newborn, it would not be amiss to remind you that immediately after discharge from the maternity hospital, you should be visited by a visiting nurse and a local pediatrician, who will examine the baby and give you some recommendations regarding, among other things, possible activities with the child. Listen carefully to these recommendations, because they take into account the individual characteristics of your baby, discovered during the examination and study of documents received upon discharge.

When to develop a newborn

In the first month of life, a newborn sleeps a lot - by the end of the first month of life, sleep time is about 16-18 hours. Add here the time required for feeding, washing, etc., and you will no longer think about how to develop a newborn, but about when to do it. Of course, while the baby is awake - after feeding and necessary hygiene procedures. The baby should be well rested, well-slept, well-fed and dry - then he will happily respond to the activities you offer, and after them he will sleep sweetly and give you a little rest too.

Remember that the games and activities that you can spend with your newborn take only a few minutes, but this time is enough to stimulate the baby’s cognitive interest, as well as his full mental and physical development.

Educational games and activities for newborns

• Laying on the stomach

The simplest and most useful exercise that you and your baby, I hope, began to perform in the maternity hospital - laying on the stomach.

Gently place your baby on a flat, hard surface (a changing table works great), holding his head. Talk to your treasure and gently stroke his back without touching his spine. Start with literally one minute and gradually increase the time you perform the exercise to 10-15 minutes. It is useful to place the baby on his stomach before each feeding. In this case, the exercise will not only contribute to the correct formation of the curves of the spine, strengthening the muscles of the neck, back and abdomen, but will also help the baby’s comfortable digestion and prevent regurgitation.

Little advice: try to place the baby’s head in different directions each time for uniform development of the neck muscles.

If the baby is very indignant when you put him on his stomach, use a trick. Place the baby on her stomach on a blanket spread on the floor and also lie down opposite him - so that you can look at each other. Now is the time to show off your acting abilities - make faces, sing, talk to the child, deliberately increasing articulation. My son found it very amusing when I blew lightly in his face. Children love to watch the changes in a person's face, and your baby will surely love this exercise.

• Fitball exercises

I hope you have already purchased a fitball? This large and durable inflatable ball is sold in sports and children's stores and is an indispensable assistant when doing gymnastics with your baby (by the way, exercising on a fitball will also help the mother quickly get back into shape after childbirth). Fitball exercises train the vestibular apparatus, promote the development of back and abdominal muscles, and, of course, delight children of any age! Here how to develop a newborn using a fitball:

1. Place the baby with her tummy on the ball (the ball is on the bed, covered with a diaper). Holding the baby by the back with one hand, secure the legs with the other hand and gently rock him back and forth and from side to side. Accompany the exercise with a fun nursery rhyme or rhythmic rhyme, for example, my son loved this one:

The ball rolls forward, forward, forward,

The ball rolls back, back, back,

Back and forth, back and forth,

It's time to get down!

2. And the next poem is suitable for another exercise - “springs”. Also, holding the baby on the ball, perform springy movements up and down with a small amplitude. Make sure that your little acrobat does not feel discomfort or get scared.

I'm a jumper - a funny ball,

I don't like anyone who cries

I don't like anyone who cries

Have you recently become a mother of a baby?

And I love the one who jumps

Check out a few

• Push the ball

Another exciting one ball exercise will help your baby strengthen his leg and abdominal muscles. You will need a lightweight inflatable beach ball with a diameter of about 25-30 cm (do not use an inflatable ball for this game, as it may burst during the activity and scare the baby). Tie a string to the ball and hold the ball by it. Place the child lying on his back on a sofa or changing table - naked or at least with bare feet. With your free hand, slightly lift your baby's butt so that his feet are hanging up and touching the ball. When the baby feels the slight resistance of the ball with his feet, he will forcefully push it away with his legs. Praise your little strongman!

• Hand massage

Look at your baby's hands. With what force he clenches his fists - this is how the grasping reflex of a newborn manifests itself! You can help little fingers become even stronger and more dexterous.

During feeding and bathing, when holding the baby in your arms, massage his palms and fingers. Proceed very gently and carefully. Use circular movements on the back and inside of your palm, gentle pressure and tapping with your fingertips. Try to massage your palms by holding scraps of fabric of different textures in your hands - terry and waffle towels, a piece of fur, corduroy, flannel, cotton, satin... Encourage your baby to grab the scraps and describe his sensations - this way you contribute to the development of the baby’s sensory impressions and the accumulation of passive vocabulary .

Little advice: sew pieces of fabric of different textures onto the fingers of the glove and use it for this activity.

Watch the video to see how else you can massage your hands

• Games with rattles

The first ones are also aimed at developing the grasping reflex. games with rattles. Draw the baby's attention to a bright, melodious-sounding rattle (read more about how to choose the right toys for a newborn) and let him grab it with his hand - try to ensure that the baby's thumb is opposed to the other fingers. Now gently try to pick up the toy and give it to the baby again. Try giving your child a rattle from below, sometimes from above, sometimes from the right, sometimes from the left, and use toys made of different materials, different textures and sizes. This way the child will learn to grab an object from different positions and adjust the movements of his hand and fingers depending on the shape and size of the object he wants to grab.

Little advice: While doing the exercise, repeat the words “Give!” and “Here!”, and soon the baby will understand and remember their meaning.

When the baby learns to confidently focus his gaze on the rattle, move it in front of the baby (at a distance of about 30-40 cm) from side to side, up and down, bring it closer and further away, and perform circular movements. Movements should be slow, smooth, and small in amplitude. While performing the exercise, make sure that the baby does not become overtired. As soon as his gaze begins to “float”, end the game, take the baby in your arms, praise and caress him.

• Bath games

Make full use bath time to entertain and develop a newborn. Supporting the baby with one hand, pour water on his arms, legs, tummy with the other and say a nursery rhyme, for example this one:

Water, water,

Wash Yegorka's face, (replace with your baby's name)

To make your eyes sparkle,

To make your cheeks blush,

So that your mouth laughs,

So that the tooth bites.

After the umbilical wound has healed, you can bathe the baby in a large bath. When your baby gets a little more comfortable, try "swim" his. Laying the baby on his back and supporting him by the neck, move him several times from one edge of the bath to the other. During the exercise, encourage the baby to push off with his feet from the wall of the bathtub. To do this, “swim” the baby closer to the wall - so that the legs are bent at the knees, and wait for him to push off. You can put some bright toy on the edge of the bath. Many children's clinics have swimming pools, where an experienced instructor will introduce you to all the nuances of early swimming.

• Musical minutes

Daily gymnastics, massage, air baths can be done with musical accompaniment. “The Seasons” by A. Vivaldi, “Little Suite” by C. Debussy, “Children’s Polka” by M. I. Glinka, Dance of Antira from the suite “Peer Gynt” by E. Grieg and other classical compositions, as well as mother’s affectionate singing are suitable. While listening, monitor your baby’s reaction and follow two simple rules:

1. Music should not be too loud, fast, or rhythmic.
2. Music should not be played in the background constantly throughout the day.

• Dancing on your hands

HOW TO CARE FOR YOUR NEWBORN

The most difficult task facing a newborn baby during
first month of his life, - to adapt to conditions outside the maternal
body. Most of the time the baby sleeps. Waking up, he begins to lead
yourself in accordance with your internal physiological state. Periods
active wakefulness, when the child is ready to perceive new information,
rare and short-lived. Therefore, you should not plan classes in advance with
newborns, just try to take advantage of the opportunity. Such
the opportunity appears when the child is full and in a good mood.
Remember that children have different thresholds for excitability, and if you overtire
baby, he may begin to worry, scream and cry.

Practical advice

Engage your child no more than necessary
He needs human warmth, and therefore he loves to be taken
in your arms. Try to find out how your baby feels about this. Some babies become nervous and irritable when held for too long. Happens,
that a fussy baby will calm down if he is placed in a comfortable nursery
backpack However, if the baby is very rarely held, he may become
sluggish and apathetic.
Change baby's position
When your child is awake, try to vary his positions. Let him
lies on his stomach for some time, then on his back or side. Being in
different positions, the baby will learn to move his arms and legs.
Children's calendar
Hang a calendar next to the changing table or dressing table and
pencil. You can record each new achievement of yours in a separate column.
child.
Enjoy the time you spend with your baby
Laugh and have fun with your child. Sometimes it seems that he is
able to express my joy.
Don't be afraid to spoil your child
Try to quickly fulfill his wishes. If you give your baby
enough attention when he needs it, he won't bother you
once again.
Handle your baby with care
When returning home from the hospital, bring your newborn in a comfortable,
reliable car.

Game time

Vision
Attach a moving musical toy to the baby's crib
In those moments when the baby is not sleeping and is in a good mood, he
will fix his gaze on the toy and follow its movements. This will cause
child's interest in the world around him outside the crib. Moving
Musical toys especially attract the attention of children.
Move the flashlight back and forth
Cover the flashlight with red or yellow plastic. Move it slowly
from side to side in front of the child lying on his back. First the baby will delay
look only for a moment, but then begin to follow the flashlight.
Show your tongue
Some two- to three-week-old babies can imitate adults when they
stick out tongue. Try this.
Hearing
Hang a bell
Hang the colored bell so that the child can see how it is
moves and hear its sound. This will allow the baby to associate beautiful
seen with a pleasant sound. If you hang a bell over the crib, then
At first the baby will look at it for a while and then fall asleep.
Dance to the music
Your baby will enjoy the familiar rocking and shaking that comes with
he's already used to it. Listen to music while holding your baby and quietly
dancing.
Shake the rattle near your baby
Gently shake the rattle to the right and left of the baby. At first
do it quietly and then louder. After some time, the baby will understand that
the sound he hears comes from somewhere outside. He will start looking with his eyes
sound source. (If you put a few dry
peas, it will make an excellent rattle.)
Touch
Place your finger or rattle on your baby's hand
Place your finger or rattle on your baby's palm. The baby will grab them
fingers.
Exercises
Leg exercises
Place your baby on a firm mattress (crib mattress or
a playpen is quite suitable). Allow me-
Let the baby move his legs and arms for a while. If he starts
cry, try to calm him down by gently rocking him.

Daily routine

Feeding time
Keep a good mood
Regardless of whether you breastfeed or bottle-feed your baby, try
do this in such a way that both the child and you feel calm and comfortable.
Remember that your baby knows better than you when he is full, so don’t
try to get him to eat a little more. Avoid coercion
so as not to lose the child's trust.
Reach out and touch
While your baby is eating, gently stroke his head, shoulders and fingers,
then he will associate feeding with your tender
touches. Some children like to listen to singing while eating, while others,
When they hear their mother’s voice, they stop sucking. If your child is easily distracted,
postpone singing during a meal break or while the baby is burping.
Bathing
First baths
Bathe your baby in a baby bath. (Please consult your doctor before
than bathing a child for the first time.) While bathing, hum softly,
gently rubbing it with a soft sponge or cloth. If a child slips and he
If you need soft bedding, place a towel on the bottom of the bath.
Communication through touch
After swimming, it is good to have a massage. Using baby cream or
vegetable oil, gently massage your baby's shoulders, arms, legs, feet,
back, stomach and buttocks. Continue to do this as long as your child is in
good mood.
Swaddling/dressing
Kisses on the tummy
When changing your baby's diapers, gently kiss his tummy and fingers
and legs. These gentle touches help the baby learn to be aware of
parts of your body. At the same time, he not only feels his body, but also feels
your love.
Undress the child
Don't wrap your baby up. If the room is 20 - 25 degrees, it will be fine
feel comfortable in a light shirt and diaper. Children overheat, sweat and
feel discomfort if they are dressed too warmly.
Time relax
Turn on the radio for your child
When putting your baby in the crib, turn on the radio, tape recorder, or start
music box Quiet music will calm him down.
Record the noise of the washing machine on tape.
Instead of buying an expensive toy that makes sounds,
Record the noise of the dishwasher or washing machine on tape. Monotonous hum
which the child hears will help him calm down and fall asleep.
Give your baby a musical toy
If from a very early age in the child’s mind we associate sleep time with
soft musical toy, it will become an integral element of this
process.
As they get older, some children resist being placed in
crib, and this toy will help them calm down and fall asleep.
Use a pacifier
Give your baby a pacifier before bed. Children who from an early age
They are used to a pacifier and can fall asleep on their own. If your child
refuses the pacifier, then at first it can be put in his mouth only for
a few minutes until he gets used to it. If the baby continues to persist,
find another way.
Walking in a stroller
If the weather permits, take your child for a walk, pushing him in a stroller.
Constant movement will help him fall asleep.
A game of shadows
Children often wake up at night. Leave the night lamp on - soft
the light will allow the child to observe the bizarre shapes of those around him
items.
Diapers and soft pillows
Over the last few months of the uterine state, the baby has become accustomed to sleeping
in cramped conditions. Therefore, he will feel good if he is swaddled or
cover with pillows. Many stores sell hanging hammocks that
can be secured inside a regular crib. Some of them are equipped
a special device that creates in the child the illusion of the beating of the mother's
hearts. Rhythmic sounds remind the baby of those he heard while in
womb; this calms him down and he falls asleep.

* One month *

Child's world

In the previous chapter we talked about how communication occurs between
newborns and parents. Now we will observe the development of these
relationship during the second month of the child’s life, when the baby becomes
more receptive to the surrounding reality and more clearly manifests his
reaction to adult behavior. At the same time we will see how it improves
coordination of the child's movements and his ability to respond to visual
images and sounds.
As the baby's ability to perceive and
learn new information, parents begin to treat him as
personality. Already at the age of one month, individual traits can be identified
the character of the child, distinguishing him from his peers. Talking to the baby
one on one, you can tune into his natural rhythm and
feel when you can work with him and when you need to give him
relax. You will learn how to handle your child when he is overexcited and
screams a lot. You will discover new ways to help your baby maintain his condition.
peace and vigor, calm down before bed.
One way you can help your baby is to teach him to suck.
pacifier. Some babies start sucking the pacifier instinctively, others persistently
refuse it. If the baby resists and spits out the pacifier,
be persistent. Try to give it to your baby by rocking him and singing
some melody. Buy two or three different pacifiers so you can
determine which one he likes best. After some time your efforts
will be rewarded - with the help of a pacifier the child will learn independently
calm down and fall asleep. A pacifier is a tool that both you and your baby can
Appreciate it in the near future.

Motor skills

A one-month-old baby is already beginning to control his body. His
convulsive, chaotic twitching, and movements of the arms and legs gradually
become smoother and more orderly. Nervous tremors that
characteristic of newborns, also disappears.
The first change that can be noticed in a child's behavior is
ability to move your head. If a baby is placed on his stomach in a crib, he
will be able to turn his head from side to side without much effort.
Some, especially strong children, even pick it up and look around.
Baby's ability to move his head is especially obvious when you hold him,
leaning against his shoulder. However, no matter how strong your
a child, he is far from completely able to control his movements. Taking out
baby from the crib or while carrying him around the room, be sure to support him
head with your hands. As a rule, one-month-old babies are not able to
move around, but occasionally there are such active kids who,
squirming and fidgeting, reach the corner of the crib or roll over from their stomach
on the back. Sometimes even the most passive children are capable of doing unexpected things.
movements. Therefore, just in case, it is better not to even the tiniest baby
leave alone on a table or other high place.
Having reached the age of one month, the child begins not only to turn
head, but also much better control of the muscles of the arms and legs. He is capable
move them not only smoothly and rhythmically, but also speed up or slow down
tempo depending on the rhythm of human speech. When you talk to a child
in a calm and even tone, his movements are calm and uniform. Try it
speak quickly, excitedly, and you will see how the baby begins energetically
move hands and feet.

Ability to see, hear, feel

The previous chapter discussed the degree of excitability in newborns. We
talked about how you can notice how differently they feel in
depending on their environment, sleep and wake. Condition of a month old baby
much easier to determine. You can already understand whether it is strong or, conversely,
The baby sleeps restlessly, and when he wakes up, is he calm or excited.
While awake, a month-old baby is able to follow
moving object. He concentrates and looks at him with interest.
any object or drawing located in front of him at a distance of 12 --
30 centimeters. If the baby especially likes something, he even starts
"crow". Then after a few minutes he looks away. This process
called "familiarization". The child seems to say: “Yes, now I
I know what it is." If you change an item or, without removing the first one,
show your baby another one, he will repeat his actions.
For a one-month-old baby, new sounds are just as interesting as new ones.
visual images. He can distinguish speech from other sounds and at the same time clearly
gives preference to the human voice. At an unfamiliar sound, a child
becomes alert, freezes, and it seems that he is listening carefully to
him. If the sound is repeated several times, the child stops paying attention.
him attention. To re-interest your child, you can change the sound,
for example, instead of ringing a bell, let your baby listen to a rattle or
a toy that can squeak.
During this period, the connection between what he sees and what he sees becomes stronger in the child’s mind.
heard. After a little training, he will look at each time
the bell hanging over his crib when it rings. Baby in different ways
reacts to various sounds. Music calms him down, loud noise scares him, and
a whistle or ringing arouses interest.

We understand our child

From the moment of birth, each child presents a distinct
individuality with characteristic distinctive features. However
Only by the end of the first month of the baby’s life do parents begin to truly
recognize him. Now they can tell a lot about their child,
including the whole range of his behavior: what he is like when he is calm or
excited when he is in a good mood or naughty, resting or
moves, whether he calms down easily or not, whether his actions are predictable or
no, quickly or slowly he reacts to what is happening around him. Parents
know the best way to hold him in your arms and how to soothe and
put to bed. They can tell when he is screaming in pain, when in
hunger, and when his cry means: “Nothing terrible happened. Just me
I want to be caressed."
A one-month-old baby loses the sleepiness characteristic of newborns.
wandering glance. Now the baby is able to stay awake for quite a long time before and
after feeding, but he is still not ready for influences that have
harsh character. If he hears too loud sounds, sees a bright light,
feels too energetic touches, he is unable to separate one
feeling from another. Overloaded with impressions, the baby begins to get nervous
and get irritated. Indeed, at this age many children have
there are certain periods when they suddenly become overtired and
start to get capricious. At such moments, one baby can be calmed by taking
in your arms, shaking or rhythmically patting your back. The other one will stop crying and
He will fall asleep if he is wrapped in a blanket or comfortably placed in a stroller.
However, it happens that a very active or restless baby does not respond
no effort on the part of the parents and his unceasing crying creates
tense situation at home. This child needs to be given some time
scream so that he can free himself from internal tension. We hope,
what is listed below-
These methods will help you calm a restless baby.
1. Try to complete daily tasks such as
feeding, swaddling, bathing and massage before bedtime, in a balanced
calm state.
2. Sit in a rocking chair in a dimly lit room. Take your child to
hands and gently sway while humming a melody. If the child is tense and
arches, place him belly down on your lap or place him in a large
comfortable stroller and rock it gently. Hum something in a low voice.
3. While rocking for a while, listen to the scream. Didn't he start
subside? Maybe it has become less shrill and loud? If you
you will feel that the crying has become sleepier and quieter, continue to rock even more
within five minutes.
4. It also happens that crying does not subside, but, on the contrary, intensifies. In that
If necessary, gently place your baby on his stomach in the crib. Turn it on low
music - radio or music box, and tiptoe out of the room.
5. If the screaming continues for more than 10 minutes, return to normal activities.
Be confident in yourself and do not forget that while doing business, you need to maintain
their usual consistency, calm and balance.
6. Finally, if you see that your child always has difficulty falling asleep,
consult your pediatrician.
A one-month-old baby is not yet ready for contact with others, however
he strives for communication. Try playing a one-on-one game with your baby.
one": you and the child look intently into each other's eyes, then look away
them to the side and meet their gaze again. In such a simple way parents
develop a child’s communication skill, which becomes his first
step towards spoken language. And after some time the child begins
"to walk" Although his sound repertoire is not rich and
limited to one or two front vowels, it is at its most
in the full sense of the word learns to speak.
It's very funny to watch parents who are engaged in conversation with
with your baby. An adult raises his eyebrows high, opens his eyes wide and
rounds his mouth, or, conversely, frowns, squints his eyes and purses his lips. He
may nod his head and lean close to the child's face or slightly
throw back your head. Through such grimaces and movements that at first
the gaze seems unnatural, parents introduce the child to sign language,
which serves as an integral element of spoken language. Open look
a face turned to the baby indicates the adult’s desire to communicate with
child, call him for a dialogue. And vice versa, if the facial expression
the adult becomes detached and turns away, this means that
Now there will be a pause in the conversation.
Such conversations, no matter how short they may be, usually take place in
a certain sequence. First, dad or mom raise their voice to
attract the child's attention. When the baby starts making different noises in response
sounds, this inspires the adult, and the conversation is enlivened, which, in turn,
turn causes strong excitement in the child. Then, as
the baby's excitement subsides, the adult's voice gradually lowers, and he withdraws
look to the side. After a few seconds, the “interlocutors” look at each other again
friend, and the conversation resumes. Over time, thanks to such conversations, in
your family can establish a daily ritual that is enjoyable
both baby and parents.

ACTIVITIES WITH A CHILD

Practical advice

Conversation with a child
Most of all, the child loves to listen to the human voice. Greetings
him when entering a room and take every opportunity to talk to
him.
Speak loudly when you want to get your baby's attention, and softly when
I need to calm him down. Changing the timbre of the voice from low to high and vice versa,
You can maintain the child's interest for a long time.
Daddy's games
Mom and dad play with the child differently. Since each of them
brings something of his own into communication with the baby, it is important that they both participate in
his upbringing. Change the baby's position. Try to position the child
so that he is surrounded by a wide variety of objects. For example,
if you take it for a ride in the car, place it on the car seat
something bright to spark his imagination. (Every time you
If you are traveling in a car together, do not forget to check that the car has everything
necessary devices to ensure the safety of the child during
trips.)

Game time

Vision
"Doll from a plate"
Make a doll for your baby by drawing a face and
attaching a handle to the side. Move the plate in different directions
a distance of 25 centimeters from the child’s face. After a while baby
will begin to follow the toy, and a smile will appear on his face.
Subject Observation
Let your child observe a rattle, flashlight, or brightly colored toy.
Move the object from left to right at a distance of 25 - 30 centimeters from
baby's face. When he learns to follow it, moving his eyes horizontally,
start moving vertically, from the baby’s forehead to the chin. Finally,
try rotating the object in a circle. Don't forget to follow your mood
baby and be prepared to stop playing if you feel tired or
he got bored.
Look at me
Let your child watch your face. When you move left
to the right, the baby will follow you with his eyes and turn his head.
Skipjack
Sew a rubber ribbon onto one end of a small soft toy.
Attach the other end to the ceiling. Place the child so that the toy
was directly above him, and make the toy animal jump up and
down. As he gets older, the baby will be able to reach out and grab it with his hands.
View from the crib
If the walls of the crib are made of transparent plastic,
The child will be able to look through them at surrounding objects.
Moving toy
Hang a toy above the crib that can be easily
move. When choosing a toy, imagine how your baby will perceive it. Let in
for several days she will hang on one side of the crib,
and then on the other. When the baby gets used to it and you notice that he
able to hold his gaze on her for several moments, hang others
toys on the sides of the crib.
Perception of sounds
Children's poems
Introduce your child to poetic rhythm and meter.
Tell him some well-known and favorite children's poems,
for example: “One, two, three, four, five, the bunny went out for a walk...” or
come up with your own. Take any song and just change it
words.
Booties with a bell
Tie bells to baby booties. Every time I move my leg,
The baby will hear the bell ringing.
Where I am?
Talk to your baby in the crib at the same time
moving around the room. By following your movements, he will develop
vision and hearing.
Feel
Massage your baby's fingers and toes
Massage each finger separately. Thanks to this pleasant
feeling, the child will feel his body better.
Development of touch
Rub your child's hands and feet with mittens made from different
material - silk, corduroy, satin, wool, flannel or terry cloth.
Light touch
Gently stroke the baby with a brush, feather or piece of cotton wool. To him
I'll love these gentle touches.
Pleasant smells
Dip cotton balls into different aromatic liquids, such as
cologne, mint or vanilla eau de toilette. Let your baby smell them
- will help in the development of his sense of smell.
Exercises
Raise and lower your baby's arms
Place the baby on his back, gently lift his arms above his head and
lower them down, then cross them in front of your chest and spread them to the sides. At
hum a song while doing this.
A walk on the bike
Place the baby on his back, carefully move his legs, imitating
cyclist's leg movements. During the exercise, sing a song, for example:
“We are going, going, going to distant lands...”
Looking up
Place your baby on the floor tummy down. Sit next to him and call
by name, show him a bright toy. The baby will try to lift
head, thereby developing the muscles of the neck, back and arms.
Look at mom
Do the same exercise, only this time you have to lie down on
back and place the baby on your stomach. When calling your child by name, try
so that he raises his head and looks at you.

Grandfather's everyday

Feeding time
Change baby's position
When you breastfeed, you naturally change your baby's position. However
If you feed your baby from a bottle, try to do it so that he can see
surrounding objects from different angles of view.
Wrap the baby horn
If your baby is sucking from a bottle, wrap the bottle in a cloth and let it
the baby touches it while eating. The case for the horn can be purchased at
store or make it from a brightly colored sock.
Bright towel
Before you start feeding your baby, place a bright light on your shoulder.
a colored towel or throw on a bright scarf. The child will enjoy the time
time to look at your face and then at the towel. If the view
bright things distract the baby, don’t show them until you’re done
feeding.
Bath time
Soft touch
Continue massaging your baby. While massaging his body, hum a quiet
lullaby Your touch and singing will help your baby relax and
feel safe.
Wrap up the baby
After bathing and wrapping your baby in a towel, play hide and seek with him.
(Hide your face behind the edge of the towel, then look out and say, “Peek-a-boo.”)
Changing time
Entertainment
Hang a few lightweight toys above the baby's changing table. On
The child will calm down for a while, studying each toy.
Breathe over your baby's arms and tummy
Warm your baby's arms and tummy with your breath. Focusing
on different parts of his body, he gets to know himself better.
Time relax
Fluttering ribbons
Attach short colored ribbons to the plastic ring. Hang
them next to the crib. Open a window or turn on the electric
fan, so that the ribbons flutter. It will be nice for your child to go to bed
watch them.
Short rest
If you have a free moment, relax with your child.
Sitting comfortably on a bed or soft carpet, place your baby on your
breast. Your calm, rhythmic breathing will calm your baby, and you will both remain
happy with the time spent together.