How to crochet a single crochet stitch. Description of crochet techniques for beginners. How not to get confused about which loop to start knitting in

Crocheting is a whole world of needlework with its own rules and characteristics, once entered it is impossible to go back. This craft rewards craftswomen with beautiful and original things; you just have to learn its basics - stitch knitting.

In order to feel confident in the future, beginners need to learn how to crochet the simplest elements, which makes it possible to create fabrics of any complexity with a wide variety of patterns.

Master class for beginners on crocheting stitches

Any pattern created by crochet, from the simplest to the lush and openwork, is created by combining air loops and several types of columns. If you learn how to knit them perfectly, you can safely start crocheting things of any complexity.

What are the main types of crochet stitches?

• Single crochets;
• Double crochets;
• Half columns;
• Double crochets;
• Relief columns;
• Lush columns.

Single crochet

This type is considered one of the most used methods of knitting stitches - and therefore a basic skill necessary for all craftswomen. The method of crocheting single crochet stitches allows you to get a dense fabric of low stitches that is not highly elastic.

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This knitting technique offers several options for knitting loops: behind the front wall of the loop, behind the back wall and behind both walls. Depending on this, the pattern on the canvas will differ. Often knitting single crochets involves knitting a loop on both walls(in other words, for both half-loops of the upper braid) - this is the option that is often assumed in all knitting patterns. Let's considerhow to crochet a single crochet using the example of a step-by-step diagram:

We knit a chain of 20 chain stitches plus 1 lifting loop. We knit the first stitch into the second chain stitch from the hook. Insert the hook under the two walls of the loop, pick up the thread and pull it through the loop: two loops have formed on the hook (photo 1). Now we pick up the thread again and pull it through both loops. There is one loop left on the hook. We knitted a single crochet (photo 2).

Next, we knit the first row of stitches, but grab the air loop from the front wall - it’s more convenient to knit the initial row this way (photo 3). We turn the work over, knit one lifting loop, and then a row of stitches, picking up the loops on both walls.

In order for the edge of the fabric to be smooth, it is important to knit the first and last loops of the row correctly. Often, especially if they are knitted with thin threads, they skip the first loop of the row and the stitches of the next row are knitted directly into the second loop, or they forget to knit the last loop of the row. Be careful and count the bars while you study. You should always get 20 columns (lifting air loops are not included in this number) (photo 4).

Concerning two other ways of knitting single crochets, this is done as follows:

In any of the selected methods of casting single crochets, the first stitch in the row is always knitted on both sides of the loop so that the edge is smooth and quite dense.

Half column

Knitting with half-stitches or connecting stitches is not so common, since the fabric from these loops turns out to be very dense and stiff. The half-columns turn out to be very low. They are often used to connect fragments of lace sewing, move from one row to another when knitting in the round, and they are also used to secure and process the edges of the fabric at the final stage of knitting.

There are two ways to knit with a half-stitch:

• half crochet stitch - also called a strong stitch;
• half double crochet - that is, connecting.

Let's consider first, how to crochet a half double crochet.

Let's start by knitting a chain of air loops. The number of air loops should be equal to the number of half double crochets plus 2 loops for lifting. When the chain is ready (photo 1), yarn over the hook (photo 2),

insert the hook into the third loop of the chain from the hook (half double crochet corresponds to 2 lifting loops), grab the thread (photo 1) and pull out a new loop (now we have three loops on the hook) (photo 2),

grab the thread again (photo 1) and knit 3 loops on the hook in one step. It turned out half double crochet(photo 2).

We continue to knit a row of half double crochets. At the end of the row we knit 2 air lifting loops (these loops are the first half-column of the next row), turn our product over and continue knitting (photo 1). This is what the finished half double crochet looks like (photo 2).

Now we'll find out how to crochet half crochet or connecting stitch.

It is difficult to knit half stitches starting from a chain of chain stitches, so cast on 20 chain stitches plus 1 lifting loop and knit several rows with single crochets on both sides of the loop. Next, we will connect several rows of connecting posts.

A lifting loop is not required in this case. Therefore, having knitted a row of single crochets, we turn the work over and immediately knit a half-dome into the first loop. We insert the hook under both walls of the loop, pick up the thread and pull it through the loop and then immediately into the loop that is on the hook.

The half-column is knitted in one step - and so on until the end of the row. Turn the work over and knit the next row in the same way. To make knitting easier, do not tighten the loops, make them wide enough, especially for the first and last loops of the row.

Double crochet

The double crochet is considered one of the most frequently used elements among all types of double crochets. It is knitted quite quickly, and the stitch itself is twice as tall as a single crochet.

So, let's look at the step-by-step instructions how to crochet double crochet.

We knit a chain of air loops. The number of chain stitches should be equal to the number of double crochets plus 3 stitches for lifting. When our chain is ready, we yarn over the hook (photo 1), insert the hook into the fourth loop of the chain from the hook (a double crochet corresponds to 3 lifting loops), grab the thread (photo 2) and pull out a new loop, we now have 3 loops on the hook (photo 3) grab the thread (photo 4) and knit 3 loops on the hook in pairs in 2 steps, i.e. first we knit 2 loops (we will have 2 loops left on the hook) (photo 5) then grab the thread again (photo 6) and knit 2 more loops. This is how we did it double crochet (photo 7). We continue to knit a row of double crochets (photo 8). At the end of the row, we will knit 3 lifting air loops (they will be the first stitch for the next row), turn our product over and continue knitting (photo 9).

With two yarn overs

The double crochet stitch allows you to achieve a very high loop. This type of columns is used to obtain openwork free canvases.

After a chain of chain stitches, the number of which should be equal to the number of double crochets plus 4 loops for lifting, make two yarn overs on the hook (photo 1), insert the hook into the fifth loop of the chain from the hook (a double crochet corresponds to 4 lifting loops), grab the thread (photo 2) and pull out a new loop, we now have 4 loops on the hook (photo 3). We grab the thread (photo 4) and knit 4 loops on the hook in pairs in 3 steps, i.e. first we knit 2 loops (we will have 3 loops left on the hook) (photo 5) grab the thread again (photo 6).

and knit 2 more loops (we will have 2 loops left on the hook) (photo 7), grab the thread again (photo 8) and knit the remaining 2 loops. We knitted a double crochet stitch (photo 9). We continue to knit a row of double crochets (photo 10). At the end of the row we will knit 4 lifting air loops, turn our product over and continue knitting.

Raised

A very beautiful type of crocheted posts that allow you to achieve a convex texture of the fabric - a relief crocheted post. Ornaments and patterns are knitted with similar columns. And although the embossed column resembles a simple double crochet in execution, it has its own characteristic features. It differs in the way it is attached to the posts of the previous row: the embossed column is not knitted through the loops of the previous row, the hook is inserted under the columns themselves. In addition, it is important to remember that you begin to knit embossed stitches only after you have made at least one row of double crochets or a simple stitch.

There are two types of relief columns:

• embossed face columns located in front of the work - "convex";
• embossed purls located behind the work - "concave".

How do they differ and how to crochet them? Let’s look at step-by-step methods of knitting in photo tutorials.

Convex relief columns

We knit two rows of simple double crochets. Then we yarn over the hook (photo 1), insert the hook from the front side from right to left, under the double crochet of the previous row (photo 2), grab the thread (photo 3), and pull out a new loop (there will be three loops on the hook) (photo 4 ), then knit as a regular double crochet, knitting loops in pairs in two steps, i.e. grab the thread and knit two loops, grab the thread again and knit the two remaining loops (photo 5). When crocheting a double crochet “before work”, such a stitch is called a raised knit stitch or “convex stitch”.

Concave relief columns

We make a yarn over (photo 1), then we insert the hook from the wrong side from right to left (photo 2), clasping the leg of the double crochet of the previous row (photo 3), grab the thread (photo 4) and pull out a new loop (photo 5). We knit the loops in pairs in two steps, as when knitting a regular double crochet, i.e. grab the thread and knit 2 loops, grab the thread again and knit the 2 remaining loops (photo 6). When crocheting a double crochet “at work”, such a stitch is called a relief purl or “concave”. Similarly, embossed single crochets, embossed half double crochets, etc. are knitted.

Lush

Beginning needlewomen should definitely learn how to crochet a lush column. This type of columns allows you to achieve an unusually beautiful openwork relief pattern, which is also known as “puffs”. In addition, the final version is similar to the “bump” pattern. Lush columns are knitted with half double crochets, and the more half double crochets are knitted in one loop, the more magnificent the column. Lush stitches should be knitted using light and soft yarn, which will take much more to make this pattern than other types of stitches.

According to our scheme, we cast on a chain of chain loops, make a yarn over (photo 1), insert a hook 6 loops from the chain from the hook and pull out a long loop (there are now 3 loops on the hook) (photo 2), yarn over again (photo 3), insert the hook into the same base loop, grab the thread and pull out another long loop (we have 5 loops on the hook) (photo 4), yarn over again (photo 5), insert the hook into the same base loop, grab the thread and pull out another one again a long loop (there are now 7 loops on the hook) (photo 6). Next, we grab the thread (photo 7) and knit all the loops on the hook in one step (photo 8). The result was a magnificent column. Next, tie 2 ch. (according to the diagram) and knit lush columns in the same way (photo 9).

Curvy columns with a closed top

Sometimes lush columns are knitted with a closed top. They are knitted in the same way, only they are finished in 2 steps: we knit the same half double crochets, pulling out long loops, then we grab the thread (photo 1) and knit all the loops except the first working loop (2 loops remain on the hook) (photo 2), grab the thread again and knit the two remaining loops (photo 3), then knit 2 ch. and knit lush columns in the same way (photo 4).

Video lesson

Video tutorials will help beginners master the master class on crocheting stitches.

Video “crocheting stitches”

Content

Those who knit with knitting needles often resort to using a crochet hook: they can quickly pick up a “runaway” loop; pull the thread through a large group of loops; tie the edge of the fabric; knit buttons, lace, flowers, trim cord, etc.

Crocheting is one of the easiest and most entertaining crafts. You can learn to use a crochet hook without much difficulty, several times faster than with knitting needles.

Crocheted fabric, as a rule, has little stretch, and therefore you can use not only woolen threads, but also cotton threads.

Like knitting needles, hooks are distinguished by numbers. The hook number is its diameter in millimeters; for example, the diameter of hook No. 2 is 2 mm. The thicker the thread, the larger the hook number should be.

Basic crochet techniques

Let's look at the basic knitting techniques. The step-by-step photos have a detailed description.

Knitting chain stitches

Crochet starts with one loop. It is formed at the end of the thread coming from the ball. The loop is held in the left hand between the thumb and forefinger. The working thread is placed on the index finger of the left hand.

In the right hand they hold a hook (like a pencil), insert it into the loop, grab the thread and pull it through it - the first loop has been formed, it is called an air loop.

All subsequent loops are knitted in exactly the same way, which creates a chain of air loops - the basis for the future pattern.

Hook insertion patterns for beginners

The hook can be inserted into the previous row in eight ways. If a row is knitted with single crochets or double crochets, then the interlacing of threads in the upper part of the columns (in the photo is a view from the wrong side of the work) allows you to insert the hook in different ways, which is why the surface of the fabric changes each time.

The main method of inserting the hook

The main method is when the hook is inserted under both threads of the base loop (line “a” in the photo). It is considered a classic. All others, as a rule, are used less frequently and are specified in the descriptions of the patterns. So, the hook can be inserted under both threads (line “a” in the photo), under the front thread (line “b” in the photo), under the back thread (line “c” in the photo), in the middle of the leg above the jumper or under it (on photo line “d”), in front of the leg (line “d” in the photo), behind the leg (line “e” in the photo), under the jumper (line “g” in the photo) and, finally, under the continuation of the jumper from behind, picking up one from jumper threads (line “z” in the photo). Of the listed methods, we will consider four in more detail.

Crochet edge or “lifting” loops

One or more chain stitches knitted before starting a new row are called lifting stitches. Their number depends on its height. For example, before knitting a row of single crochets, one chain stitch is enough, and two chain stitches of double crochets.

It is better to knit the lifting loops at the end of the row and, turning the knitting, start a new one.

Single crochets

Knit a chain of 16 chain stitches.

• 1st row - insert the hook into the 3rd loop of the chain, not counting the loop on the hook, throw a working thread over it (yarn over from yourself), pull the yarn over through the loop of the chain, then make another yarn over and pull it through both loops located on hook. And so on from each loop of the chain. You should get 14 columns, 1 air loop for lifting (edge).

• 2nd row - from each base loop, knit 1 single crochet, inserting a hook under both threads of the base loop - 14 stitches in total.
• 3rd row - repeat the pattern from the 2nd row and each time you knit a row, carefully count the stitches - there should be 14 of them.

Beginning knitters often lose stitches from the edges of the fabric or knit extra stitches. Most often this happens at the moment when the 1st stitch is knitted: the hook should be inserted into the 1st loop of the base - it touches the loop from which the edge stitch is knitted. If you mistakenly insert the hook not into the 1st loop, but into the 2nd, then there will be 1 less stitch in the row, and if you insert it into the one from which the edge stitch is knitted, an extra one will appear.

Double crochets

This article provides a clear description of crocheting various double crochets.

Knit a chain of 17 loops.

• 1st row - 1 yarn over, insert the hook into the 4th loop of the chain, not counting the loop on the hook, pull a loop from the working thread, make a yarn over, pull it through the loop and yarn over, 1 yarn over, pull it through both loops on the hook. And so on for each loop of the chain; 2 air loops for lifting.
• 2nd row - double crochet from each stitch of the base, inserting the hook under both threads.
• 3rd row - repeat the pattern from the 2nd row.

Double crochets with two or more yarn overs are performed in exactly the same way, only before inserting the hook into the base loop, 2 yarn overs are thrown onto it, then, pulling the loop out of the base, pick up the thread and pull it through 2 loops on the hook, then pick up the thread again and pull through 2 more loops on the hook, then pick up the thread again and pull through the remaining 2 loops.

Half columns

A half-column is usually used to close a chain of chain stitches to start knitting in the round; half-columns strengthen the edge of the fastener bar made with knitting needles, tie around the armholes of the vest, neck, cuffs and bottom of the model, etc.

Knit a chain of 30-35 loops.

1st row - insert the hook into the 2nd loop of the chain, not counting the loop on the hook, and, grabbing the working thread, pull it through the loop of the chain and the loop on the hook, and so on from each loop. Do not knit the 2nd row.

To get acquainted with the following knitting elements, let's consider the simplest crochet technique - knitting rows from right to left: having finished the next row, knitting is turned and a new one is performed - again from right to left. In this case, it is necessary to knit edgings from the side edges of the fabric.

Flat column

It is formed if the hook is threaded in front of the leg of the post. Knit a chain of 15-20 loops and knit a double crochet on it, 1 chain stitch for lifting.

• 1st row - yarn over, pass the hook from right to left in front of the leg of the column of the previous row and tie a double crochet; and so on until the end of the row.

Convex column

Knit a chain of 15-20 chain stitches and knit double crochets on it, 1 chain stitch for lifting.

• 1st row - yarn over, pass the hook from right to left behind the leg of the column of the previous row and tie a double crochet; and so on until the end of the row.
• 2nd row - repeat the pattern from the 1st row.

Curvy columns

Knit a chain of 15-20 loops and knit single crochets on it (edge); 2 air loops for lifting.

1st row - from the 1st loop of the base, tie a lush column. To do this, yarn over, insert the hook under both threads of the base loop, pull the thread, yarn over, insert the hook into the same hole again, pull the thread, and so on 2-5 times depending on the thickness of the thread. Then yarn over again and knit all the loops on the hook together - you get 1 loop, yarn over and knit it. Now knit 2 air loops, skip 1 base loop and make a puffy stitch on the next one. And so alternate until the end of the row. Try to keep all the lush columns the same.

Adding and subtracting columns

When working from a description or a design of a pattern, the needlewoman very often needs to decrease or add columns. I wrote how to do this correctly in this article.

Adding columns

They can be done both inside and at the end of the row. Inside the row they add no more than 3 columns from one loop of the base. At the end of the row you can add any required number of columns. To do this, after finishing a row, knit a chain of air loops, and in the next row it is used as the basis for the pattern.

Reducing columns inside the canvas

Decrements within a row are done as follows: insert the hook into the loop of the base, pull out the thread, then pull the thread out of the next loop of the base again, make a yarn over and pull it through all 3 loops on the hook - you get 1 single crochet, knitted from two base loops. Using the same method, you can knit 1 column of three loops.

Reducing columns from the edges of the canvas

When knitting according to a description or according to a pattern, the needlewoman very often needs to decrease or add stitches. I wrote how to do this correctly in this article.

If it is necessary to remove from the edges of the fabric, then at the end of the row a certain number of stitches are not knitted, then the loops for lifting are knitted and, turning the work, continue knitting. This method of decrease creates a stepped edge. If necessary, it can also be done in the form of a smooth line (see the top part of the photo). To do this, finish the under-knitting of the row with a half-stitch, then knit 1 chain stitch, turn the work, knit a single crochet from the 1st loop of the base and then continue the main pattern. This technique can be used if the rows of the pattern are not too high.

Knitting in the round

Knitting begins with 3 or 4 air loops, closes them in a circle with a half-column and then knits in a circle from right to left, giving the fabric the desired shape with the help of additions: circle, triangle, quadrangle, oval.

Types of crochet and basic motifs

We have learned the basic techniques, now we need to combine and apply them.

Crochet flat fabric

The work is performed from right to left from the side edge of the canvas. Having finished the row with an edge loop, the knitting is turned and a new one is started - a flat fabric is obtained.

We continue the series of articles on the basic elements of crochet. The first article was. Today it is a single crochet, a double crochet and a half crochet. Please note that the figures are also drawn as the elements in knitting patterns are indicated.

Half column or connecting column

This column is used:

1. in patterns for attachment at the desired point of the pattern;
2. for processing and securing edges;
3. when closing a row;
4. with decreases at the edges of parts;
5. for sewing together product parts;
6. if you need to knit only a chain, the reverse side of which is used (Irish lace).

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Crochet a chain and turn it over so that the hook is on its right end. The hook is inserted into the penultimate loop of the chain, the thread is grabbed and pulled through both loops.

Single crochet

A chain is knitted, the hook is inserted into the penultimate loop, the thread is hooked and a new loop is pulled through. Then hook the thread and pull it through both loops. So that you can turn the work and start knitting a new row, an air loop is knitted at the end of this row. It is a lifting loop in the next row. Designation options: cross, plus sign, stick.

Double crochet.

We knit a chain of air loops of the required length, throw the thread once on the hook, insert the hook into the third loop, not counting the loop on the hook. Pull out a new loop. There are three loops on the hook. Then we hook the thread and pull it through two loops. We hook the thread again and pull it through the two remaining loops. There is one loop left on the hook. The second stitch is knitted into the next loop. At the end of the row, knit 2 air loops. Designation options: stick, stick crossed out once, letter “t” crossed out once.

Today will be a very simple lesson. In fact, you need to learn how to knit what you have already mastered, only with a slight complication. In fact, this shouldn't even be considered a complication. Yes, to knit a single crochet you need to make one extra movement (compared to). But in general, single crochet is more convenient to knit, and knitting progresses faster.

Single crochet stitches are also called short stitches. It is considered the main element when crocheting with a short crochet (remember, we agreed not to talk about the long crochet hook yet).

How to crochet single crochets

Shall we get started? Knit a chain of chain stitches. Have you forgotten what a lifting loop is? That's right, this is a loop that is knitted so that the edge of the knitting does not tighten. The number of air loops for a single crochet is two. Since these loops are not involved in the calculation of loops, when you knit any product, you need to add two more to the calculated number of loops. In the meantime, while you are learning how to knit samples, the number of stitches is not that important. Therefore, having knitted the chain, count two loops from the working loop and insert the hook into the third. Grab the working thread and pull it through this loop. Take your time, take a break. When knitting a half-column, the thread was pulled through two loops at once, that is, in one step. A single crochet stitch is knitted in two steps. You now have 2 loops on your hook.

Grab the working yarn again and now pull through both loops. Single crochet or short double crochet is ready.

Sometimes it is knitted as in the next photo, and only then the working thread is pulled through both loops. This is not entirely correct. But who said that this method has no right to exist? This is not a single crochet at all, but you can knit it like that. The good thing about a hook is that you can invent and fantasize endlessly. For example, we did some additional knitting - and a completely different element is ready -

For single crochets, the same principle applies as for half-crochet stitches. Be sure to pay attention to which loop you are tying it on. The appearance of the pattern will depend on this. If under both half-loops, the fabric will be very dense (although not as dense as when knitting in half-stitches), if only under the front (near) or under the back (far) - a little less dense, but horizontal stripes will appear. An interesting effect is obtained if you knit in even rows for the back (far) half-loop, in odd rows - for the front (near) - or vice versa. With this method of knitting, a different pattern is obtained on opposite sides of the fabric.

In the next photo, the upper part is knitted only by the back half-loops, the middle part by different ones in even and odd rows, and the lower part by both half-loops.

The conventional image in most diagrams is in the figures below. It's a pity, but there is no standard designation.

Good afternoon, handicraft girls and all creative people!

This happens to you: you do something familiar, and then you find out that you can do the same thing differently, you try it - and something interesting turns out!

Since I share with you on the site my discoveries in knitting toys, I cannot pass by one of them.

This year I discovered 3 different ways of knitting single crochets. Yes Yes Yes! In addition to the usual method for you, there are at least two more, the existence of which I, long term debt consolidation loans for example, did not know (although I have been knitting non-stop for six years now). In this article I collected my observations.

Let's get down to business! I recorded a video for you in which you can see the difference in knitting stitches, and what the fabric looks like, knitted differently united lending services and even examples of work

My observations: the difference when knitting sc in different ways is visible on a flat fabric (when you knit without increases or decreases).

1 way to knit single crochets.

All my life I have knitted stitches the same way: inserted a hook under a loop, inserted a hook UNDER THE WORKING THREAD (look at the photo), hooked it and knitted a stitch. loan underwriter For me, this method is “classic”. Most often it is for them that I knit amigurumi toys.

This method is called “tick” because when knitting “ticks” appear on the fabric.

When knitting, we hook the working thread from the BOTTOM.

When knitted in this way, the fabric turns out to be soft, elastic, and smooth to the touch.

Method 2 of knitting single crochets.

In fact, technically it differs in only one movement: we insert the hook under the loop, as usual, and then hook the working thread on the TOP.

When knitting, we hook the working thread on the TOP.

When knitting on the fabric, “crosses” are obtained. I noticed that the fabric turns out to be more “embossed” and convex to the touch than when knitting using method 1.

At first, if you are used to knitting one way, it may be unusual for you to grab the thread from above, but with practice, you will get used to it.

3rd way to knit single crochets.

When knitting in this way, we insert the hook not as usual, under the loop, but BETWEEN the threads that form the upper part of the base of the column (look at the photo and video)

This way we get a very neat braid, the fabric is stiffer to the touch than when knitting in the first two ways.

I use this method when crocheting jacquard and when knitting baskets and saucepans in which I need the product to hold its shape well.

The third method of knitting is more labor-intensive for me personally and takes more time, since I knit tightly and inserting a hook between the bridge mortgage threads can be difficult.

But I like the result, so I use all three methods. Try it too!

The baby penguin is knitted in 1 way, “tick”.