Historical information on needle bed technology. Master class “History of the pincushion. IV. Fixing the material

Small things are stored in it -
Those that are very prickly;
Some have it on a carnation,
I have it on the shelf.
Skilled craftsmen
Schoolboys and schoolgirls
For mother's holiday
Soft... (needle beds).

Each person stores pins and needles in a pincushion. The needle is the oldest invention of man. It was invented even before the wheel. A pincushion is a simple and useful invention found in every housewife. It was used by both peasants and noble people.

It is difficult to say exactly when the pincushion appeared, but the stages of its development are known. Unlike today, many centuries ago a needle was considered a luxury. Therefore, there was a need for its safe and careful storage.

In the 15th century, containers made of silver and ivory appeared. At the same time, needle cases began to be stuffed with wool and covered with fabric.

In the 16th century, it became fashionable to attach pincushions to silver and wooden stands.

In the 17th and 18th centuries, needle cases were made from high quality fabrics: linen, satin and decorated with embroidery.

In the 19th century, pincushions became more of a decorative element in the form of an egg glass or a basket on a metal, glass or porcelain stand.

At the beginning of the 20th century, pincushion pincushions became popular. The structure was attached to the table to prevent the fabric from slipping.

In the Ethnographic Museum. IN AND. Romanov has a sewing pincushion, which was used in the Mari region at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. The pincushion is located on a stand of four vertical supports, which are decorated with handmade helical carvings. Under the stand there is a compact box with a lid for small sewing accessories. It closes with a small pinwheel. On one side of the box there is a continuation of the design for the pincushion. This is an expanding flat board on which the embroiderer sits.

Everyone did needlework. It was customary to wear embroidery when visiting people. And the needles needed to be stored somewhere. People called needle beds as needle beds. This item was highly revered. Mothers gave pincushions to their daughters. When a girl got married, she took the pincushion with her to her husband’s house. The richer the family was, the more expensive the needle case was.

And now pincushions can be completely different: sewn, embroidered in the shape of flowers, hats or animals, in a jar, travel-sized, and, of course, antique.

Pincushions are a wonderful souvenir that can be used as an accessory for sewing and embroidery, as well as for decorative purposes.

Researcher at the Accounting and Storage Department
Tayukova Lyudmila Vladimirovna.
Photographs of items from the funds.

Pincushion - seamstress, early 19th - 20th centuries

Pincushion, beginning of the 19th - 20th centuries

The needle bar is screwed to the sewing machine

Modern pincushion

DIY pincushion turtle. Master class with step-by-step photos

Sew a pincushion turtle

Handicraft master class with step-by-step photos “Pincushion Turtle”

History of the pincushion
Each of us perceives a pincushion as a small, everyday object that has no special meaning. The origins of the pincushion are shrouded in mystery, but one can trace how it arose and was improved over the years.
The history of the origin of the needle case begins from those distant times, when fabric had just begun to appear, and needles were a great luxury, so there was a need for their careful storage. The first needle beds were made using paper and fabric, placing them among themselves. And even such pincushions were only available to rich people.
In later times, pincushions began to be made of ivory, wood or metal. Then they began to stuff them with wool and cover them with fabrics. And only later, needle cases began to be made from high-quality fabrics: satin, linen, and they began to be decorated with various embroideries. At the same time, pincushions become more of a decorative element in the form of egg glasses and baskets.
Nowadays, there is a wide variety of needle beds made using various techniques. I suggest you make one of them according to the presented master class. Sew it for yourself, and let it always make you happy when it is at hand. I wish you all good luck!

The needle bar is small in size, so its manufacture requires a minimum of material.

Take the body and legs, align them according to mark 1 with the front side facing each other (while working, look at the mark numbers on the templates).

Every person stores pins and needles in pincushions. This simple but useful thing can be found in every home. It is difficult to say exactly when the pincushion appeared, but it is possible to trace the stages of its development.

The needle is the oldest human invention. It was invented even before the wheel. The needle could be found in any home. It was used by both peasants and noble people.

Until the 20th century, everyone did needlework. It was customary to wear embroidery when visiting people. And the needles needed to be stored somewhere.

People called needle beds as needle beds. This item was highly revered. Mothers gave pincushions to their daughters. When a girl got married, she took the needle case with her to her husband’s house. The richer the family was, the more expensive the needle case was.

In the 15th century in Europe, needles and pins were stored in special boxes. They were made from silver and ivory. At the same time, needle cases began to be stuffed with wool and covered with fabric.

By the mid-16th century, pincushions had stands. And in the 17th century they were made from very high quality materials - this showed the wealth of the owner.

In the 19th century, pincushions were considered a decorative element. They were made to order.

And now pincushions are completely different! And sewn, and embroidered (biscornu), and in the shape of flowers or animals, and in a jar, and travel, and, of course, antique. My favorite ones are the cute ones like in the photo.

Used in sewing, eliminating the possibility of their loss during operation.

Story

In ancient times, when fabric just began to spread, needle beds were made using any fabric and paper that were interchanged. But only rich people could afford them. Later, pincushions were made of wood or ivory, and between them there was velvet material where pins and needles were stored.

Pincushions

Pincushion cushions are often created by needlewomen for decorative purposes. They can be of a simple shape - a square, a circle, a heart - or complex: in the form of a handbag, an animal figurine, a flower. A simple homemade pincushion can be made from cardboard, padded material such as cotton wool or foam rubber, and fabric. Pincushions are decorated with embroidery, appliqué, and knitting can be used instead of fabric.

Making a pincushion is a popular activity in preschool craft classes. A hand-made needle case is then used to teach the child how to handle things carefully - after class you need to put your needles in it.

Ready-made needle beds

Case needle cases can be of different shapes. The mushroom case is used not only for storing needles, but also for darning.

Magnetic needle beds can be made in the form of a stand, or in the form of a box with a magnet inside.

Write a review about the article "The Pincushion"

Notes

see also

Links

Excerpt characterizing Pincushion

The friends were silent. Neither one nor the other began to speak. Pierre glanced at Prince Andrei, Prince Andrei rubbed his forehead with his small hand.
“Let’s go have dinner,” he said with a sigh, getting up and heading to the door.
They entered the elegantly, newly, richly decorated dining room. Everything, from napkins to silver, earthenware and crystal, bore that special imprint of novelty that happens in the household of young spouses. In the middle of dinner, Prince Andrei leaned on his elbow and, like a man who has had something on his heart for a long time and suddenly decides to speak out, with an expression of nervous irritation in which Pierre had never seen his friend before, he began to say:
– Never, never get married, my friend; Here's my advice to you: don't get married until you tell yourself that you did everything you could, and until you stop loving the woman you chose, until you see her clearly; otherwise you will make a cruel and irreparable mistake. Marry an old man, good for nothing... Otherwise, everything that is good and lofty in you will be lost. Everything will be spent on little things. Yes Yes Yes! Don't look at me with such surprise. If you expect something from yourself in the future, then at every step you will feel that everything is over for you, everything is closed except for the living room, where you will stand on the same level as a court lackey and an idiot... So what!...
He waved his hand energetically.
Pierre took off his glasses, causing his face to change, showing even more kindness, and looked at his friend in surprise.
“My wife,” continued Prince Andrei, “is a wonderful woman.” This is one of those rare women with whom you can be at peace with your honor; but, my God, what I wouldn’t give now not to be married! I’m telling you this alone and first, because I love you.
Prince Andrei, saying this, looked even less like than before that Bolkonsky, who was lounging in Anna Pavlovna’s chair and, squinting through his teeth, spoke French phrases. His dry face was still trembling with the nervous animation of every muscle; the eyes, in which the fire of life had previously seemed extinguished, now shone with a radiant, bright shine. It was clear that the more lifeless he seemed in ordinary times, the more energetic he was in these moments of almost painful irritation.

Class: 5

Presentations for the lesson

Back forward

Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.

Back forward

Lesson objectives:

• Educational– formation of special skills in the manufacture of needle beds; teach independent work with instruction cards and evaluate your results; improve skills of neat and precise work; secure hand stitches.
• Developmental– development of cognitive interests, skills to compare, draw conclusions; develop creative thinking, motor skills, independence.
• Educational– education of labor discipline, work culture, accuracy, artistic taste; nurturing self-criticism and adequacy of assessment, the need for creative work; fostering frugality and interest in the final result.

Teaching methods: verbal (oral presentation of new material, conversation, explanation), visual (samples of pincushions, presentation, technological map), practical (exercises, demonstration of work techniques), heuristic (thinking through the sequence of work and the final result).

Equipment and materials: computer with projector, presentation 1, presentation 2, screen, scissors, needles for handwork, sewing threads, ripper, workbook, pen, ruler, pencil, patterns (circles: D=10cm, D=16cm, D=18cm) , thick cardboard, yogurt cup, cotton fabrics, instruction card ( application), braid, ribbons, lace.

Lesson type: combined.

Interdisciplinary connections: history, life safety, Russian language, mathematics.

Time: 2 hours x 45 min.

Dictionary: pincushion, flap, needle-forward stitch, blind stitch, braid, lace, fittings, pattern, crown.

Terminology: sweep, baste, sew.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment

Checking those present in the lesson, checking readiness for the lesson.

II. Theoretical part

1. Updating knowledge.

Please guess the riddle, say the word:

Small things are stored in it -
Those that are very prickly;
Some have it on a carnation,
I have it on the shelf.
Skilled craftsmen
Schoolboys and schoolgirls
For mother's holiday
Soft... ( pincushions)

(Presentation 1, slide 2)

2. History of needle beds, types of needle beds.

One of the most indispensable small things for sewing and needlework is a pincushion.

• What do you think a pincushion is?

(A pincushion is a case or pad for storing needles and pins, used in sewing to prevent their loss) (slide 3).

Teacher's story.

A pincushion is the very first thing that a tailor buys or sews. After all, what would it be like without her? This is the most necessary accessory among sewing accessories: all the necessary needles and pins do not get lost during the hectic work on the next masterpiece (slide 4).

The history of the appearance of this useful little thing goes back to ancient centuries; they were made from fabric and paper, which at that time were brought from abroad and were very, very expensive. Only very rich people could afford such a luxury. (slide 5).

Later they began to make pincushions from a variety of fabrics and different bases - wood and ivory. (slide 6).

And when people learned to melt metal, the base for pincushions was made of tin, silver, gold, which only wealthy people could afford (slide 7).

And the poor made needle cases from scrap materials.

Keeping a nursing needle, which helped sew clothes from small to large, is a special matter (slide 8).

Many peoples insisted that this little miracle should be treated with care, and therefore its storage should be at a high level. She is a symbol of the feminine. Many peoples, at the birth of a girl, stuck a needle into a kind of pincushion and took it to a sacred place. Moreover, if a woman died, the needle was buried with her.

One of the main occupations of women in Ancient Rus' was needlework. And sewing and embroidery were the most important of these activities. Each girl had a chest or box filled with all sorts of little things for sewing. One of the most indispensable small things for needlework was a pincushion. (slide 9)

And now every housewife in the house definitely has this amazing thing, which she chooses or sews for herself to her liking. And if the needle is your nurse, her “home” should be convenient and comfortable (slide 10).

Of course, you can use a purchased pillow to store needles, but it is much more interesting and enjoyable to make this accessory with your own hands.

Firstly, the pincushion can be used for its intended purpose, to store needles in it. Secondly, a handmade pincushion is so beautiful that it can also serve as an interior decoration.

Pincushions can be of a simple form: (slide 11)

• Square (slide 12)
• Circle (slide 13)
• heart (slide 14)

Or a complex form: (slide 15)

• Pincushion-handbag (slide 16)
• Pincushion – animal figurine (slide 17)
• Flower pincushion (slide 18)
• Pincushion cactus (slide 19)
• Pincushion box (slide 20)
• Pincushion toy (slide 21)
• Pincushion on hand (slide 22)
• Delicious pincushion (slide 23)
• Pincushion-basket (slide 24)
• Pincushion-slipper (slide 25)

Many people like cute embroidered pincushions, which are decorated with different types: embroidery, beads, sequins (slide 26).

An old but beloved cup can continue to exist in the form of a pincushion, decorated to taste with ribbons, lace, braid, and accessories (slide 27).

3. Statement of the educational problem

Today in the lesson we will make a pincushion, but guess what shape it will be, guess the riddle:

I'm sitting on horseback
I don't know who
I'll meet an acquaintance -
I'll jump off and pick you up. (Hat)

(slide 28)

• What does the word "hat" mean?
  (A hat is a headdress)

• What is the function of this headdress? (slide 29)
  (The hat protects against the cold and is an important part of a woman's costume for all occasions.).

The functional features of hats are described in a poem by Galina Bakulina "Trying on Hat" (slide 30).

Vika tries on hats.
Knows the meaning and value of everyone (slide 31)
This hat is for warmth
Her dad carries her in the cold (slide 32)
This important one from fur -
To achieve success (slide 33)
And this is not important,
Lightweight paper.
During repairs you can wear,
We should have it in every home (slide 34).
Here is my mother’s elegant hat (slide 35)
And this is a funny grandfather's hat (slide 36)
This hat will hide you from the sun,
It's for summer, that's why it's brighter than everyone else (slide 37).
This is grandma, very cute (slide 38).
And here is Vikulina’s hat - a girl’s one (slide 39)

4. Problematic question:

• Why are we talking about pincushions and hats in class today?
• Formulate the topic of the lesson

Lesson topic: “Making a pincushion-hat” (slide 40)

(Samples of pincushion hats - slide 41 )

• State the purpose of the lesson (Presentation 2, slide 2)
• Repeat and secure hand stitches.
• Make a pincushion in the shape of a hat and decorate it.

III. Practical work

1. Tools and materials when making a needle bar (slide 3)

2. Safety rules when performing manual work (slides 4,5)

Labor is important.
Sometimes unsafe.
We must know the rules
They must be strictly followed

You don't joke with a needle,
And don’t fiddle with your hands,
And, having already taken her by the ear,
Prick her into the pillow.

• Don't play with scissors
  Don't raise it high.
  And, holding the sharp edge,
  Give them to your friend.
  The work is just finished -
  Scissors need care:
  Don't forget to close them
  And put it in place.

3. Repetition of hand stitching techniques (slide 6)

4. Demonstration of labor techniques for making a pincushion-hat

Step 1

Prepare thick cardboard for the brim of the cap, a yogurt cup for the top of the cap, fabric, padding polyester. (slide 8).

Step 2

Cut circles D=10cm from cardboard and padding polyester (slide 9).

Step 3

Glue a circle of padding polyester onto a circle of cardboard ( slide 10).

Step 4

Cut two circles from fabric: D=18cm and D=16cm (slide 11)

Step 5

Cut a yogurt cup to a height of 3.5 cm. Cut off the sides, leaving 1mm for rigidity (slide 12). (Note: The cups were prepared by the teacher in advance.)

Step 6

Sew circles of fabric with a double thread along the edge, stepping back from the cut 5mm, with small stitches using a “forward needle” seam. (slide 13).

Step 7

Place a circle of cardboard with padding polyester facing up on a large circle of fabric, tighten the seam and tie the ends of the threads. Distribute the folds evenly around the circle (slide 14).

Step 8

Fill a glass with padding polyester, place it in the middle of a smaller circle with the sides up and gather it tightly along the seam, pulling it by the ends of the threads. Tie the ends of the threads. Smooth out folds evenly (slide 15).

Step 9

We ended up with two parts for the future pincushion hat – the brim and the crown (slide 16).

Step 10

Connect both pieces together with hidden stitches (slide 17).

Step 11

Cover the joint with trim using leftover lace, braid, and ribbons
(slide 18).

Step 12

Decorate the pincushion as your imagination dictates, using a combination of colors in the color wheel (slides 19)

Color wheel, color combinations (slide 20)

5. Physical education minute (slide 21)

Once again we have a physical education session,
Let's bend over, come on, come on!
Straightened up, stretched,
And now they’ve bent over backwards.
My head is tired too.
So let's help her!
Right-left, one and two:
Think, think, head!
Even though the charge is short,
We rested a little.

6. Independent work of students and ongoing instruction .

• Checking the timely start of work and organizing the workplace.
• Checking the correct placement of patterns on the fabric and cutting of parts.
• Checking compliance with the technological sequence of the work performed.
• Checking compliance with safety regulations and sanitary and hygienic requirements.
• Individual work with students, assistance in their work.

IV. Fixing the material

(slide 22)

• What new did you learn in the lesson?
• What did you learn in the lesson?
• What stitches did you use to make the hat pincushion?
• Why is the seam called a hidden seam?
• How will you use your pincushion hats?

V. Lesson summary

• A message about achieving the lesson goal.
• Analysis of completed work.
• Exhibition of student works.
• Analysis of errors.
• Consideration of lost work time.
• Giving grades and justifying them.

VI. Reflection

(slide 23)

Now you must evaluate your work.

• Whoever thinks that he worked at full capacity and everything worked out for him, show the first emoticon
• Those who worked well, tried their best, but not everything worked out, show the second emoticon.
• Whoever needed help, show the third emoticon.