How to teach a child to write in especially difficult cases. How to teach a child to write. First steps When a child begins to write letters

The time comes when it is time for parents to solve a rather difficult problem - to teach their child to write. At the same time, everyone wants their child to do it quickly and beautifully. It is worth noting that writing is one of the most difficult skills that a person learns at the beginning of his life. How to teach a child to write capital letters, how to make this process easy and interesting?

Where to start

Children do not begin their education by writing entire stories in notebooks. First of all, it is necessary to develop the small muscles of their arms, develop coordination of movements, and also teach the children patience and perseverance.

These skills require special attention, since without them it is impossible to move on to more complex tasks. Very often, young parents do not know how to teach their child to write correctly, and try to immediately get him to write the copybook. However, in order to form beautiful, clear handwriting, the child must have a fully prepared hand and developed

Many different activities and games for developing hands have been invented. However, do not forget that you need to choose only those that your child likes and practice with him constantly. You should devote no more than 15 minutes to studying per day.

Activities for kids

One of the most interesting and at the same time useful activities for the development of fine motor skills is modeling. During the play process, children's hands become stronger, and the child learns not only to create, but also to do one thing for a long time. For classes, you can use salt dough, clay, plasticine, etc. A child can create individual figures and entire scenes, make appliqué, sculpt letters and learn them in the process, consolidating knowledge, and make words from them.

Creating cardboard is considered a good activity. Perhaps you think that such a pastime will not help you solve the question of how to teach your child to write capital letters? In fact, during this process the baby will be busy with a very exciting activity - cutting. And working with scissors is one of the best workouts for the hand muscles.

You can also play with your child using small objects such as buttons, pebbles, beads, peas, etc. The art of origami helps develop accuracy, precision and memory. In addition, it is worth drawing with your child more often, using a variety of materials - crayons, gouache, watercolors, pencils, etc. This will help your child develop and consolidate the skill of using and correctly holding a pencil and pen.

Studying at home

At home, it is best to adhere to the standard scheme according to which it is recommended to conduct writing lessons. If it is violated, then in the future it will be very difficult for the child to change his skills and adapt to a new way. Teaching a child to write capital letters at home is not difficult, the main thing is to follow a certain technique.

What will you need?

A good handle (choose it carefully so that the child is comfortable);

Educational pictures;

Copybooks;

Sample letters (printed and written).

How to teach a child to write capital letters - methodology, lesson plan

1) First of all, the child needs to be taught to write out small elements that are used in capital letters. Start with sticks - straight and rounded at the top or bottom. We advise you to use a special copybook.

2) Don’t give your child a task right away. You want to know how to teach your child to write capital letters, and not discourage him from writing from childhood. Let him carefully look at all the elements of the letter, and then try to circle it several times. Without these skills, the child will not be able to study independently in the future. Pay special attention to the upper and lower boundaries of the working lines. Your child will clearly know where a capital letter should begin and end.

3) First, show your child the printed letters. Let him remember their appearance and learn their names. Learn riddles and sayings with repeating sounds with him. After the baby remembers the sound of a certain sound, he is shown the corresponding letter. Try to ask your child what she reminds him of, then he will more easily remember her appearance.

4) Only after studying printed symbols is it possible to begin solving the question of how to teach a child to write correctly. First, parents must show themselves how to write one or another letter, using slow hand movements.

5) Children can practice counting on their own. We seem to write capital letters with the child, commenting on his actions. One - we write a stick, and - we round it off, two - another stick, and so on.

6) Only after this can you start writing in copybooks. To begin with, we trace the letters along dotted contours, and then fix the spelling ourselves. Of course, you need to start with letters, gradually moving on to syllables, words and sentences.

Greetings to all readers of the ShkolaLa blog on a new important topic.

“How to teach a child to write beautifully?” - this is the question that more than one generation of parents of primary schoolchildren has puzzled over. “Like a chicken paw!” “There is dirt in the notebook!” “You explain, show, correct - but still, instead of letters, you end up with some scribbles!” Sound familiar? And you want to help the child, but how? Well, let's figure it out together.

But let’s first find out, is it necessary? Or maybe let the child write to himself as God wishes. Handwriting is not the most important thing in life. Moreover, now in adulthood everyone mostly types texts on a keyboard, rather than writing by hand.

Well, it’s the same in adults. But at school, everything is basically the old fashioned way, pens, notebooks and lots and lots of notes. And if a child writes ugly and sloppy, then expect a decline in academic performance on all fronts. Including oral subjects. After all, teachers of geography, history, and biology also want to see cleanliness and order in their notebooks.

And while the child is in 1st, 2nd, 3rd or 4th grade, the situation with ugly handwriting can be changed. To do this, you need to know what influences the beauty of handwriting. So that letter to letter, number to number, and everyone is the same height and just like a ruler. And at least send all your notebooks to the exhibition.

Lesson plan:

The main components of calligraphic success

Developed fine motor skills

A child will not be able to write quickly and beautifully if his fine motor skills are not prepared for this. The arm muscles must be ready for the upcoming loads at school. And for this they need to be developed.

The following entertainment tasks are suitable for this:

• drawing and coloring with pencils;
• modeling from plasticine;
• construction from small parts, for example, from Lego;
• beading;
• origami;
• working with scissors;
• sorting through cereals, etc.

You can do this every day and not only train your motor skills, but also have fun.

Not paying attention to the development of fine motor skills is stupid not only from the point of view of beautiful handwriting, but also from the point of view of the development of thinking, memory, and imagination. And without them there is nowhere in school life.

Strong back

It would seem, how are physical education and sports connected with beautiful handwriting? It turns out that the connection is direct! A straight back, a strong shoulder girdle, reliable posture, all this will allow the child to sit at a desk or desk correctly and levelly.

And the posture during writing also affects handwriting. It will be difficult to write beautiful letters while lounging on the tabletop or bent over.

So, “Get ready to exercise!” A simple daily set of morning exercises will bring your child closer to beautiful handwriting. The “School” blog is dedicated to exercise, be sure to read it.

Correct pen

Handles are different:

• gel and roll-on;
• thin and plump;
• smooth and rough;
• beautiful and not so beautiful.

Which one to choose for a primary school student?

When choosing, you should focus on the physiology of a child’s hand. Our hands are still small and not strong. Therefore, we put the thick, heavy “feathers” aside.

It’s great if the pen is beautiful, but, you see, that’s not the main thing.

When choosing between gel and ball-on ones, preference should be given to the latter. Gel pens tend to suddenly stop writing or scratch the paper, and the gel smears very well on the paper.

The pen shaft should be thin and leave a neat, thin mark behind it. When buying a pen in a store, test it in practice; it should glide easily and simply across the paper, without requiring much effort.

If the handle is made entirely of metal or plastic, then this is not the best choice. The child's fingers will slide along it. It is better to choose a handle that has a special rubber pad with ribs or pimples where your fingers grip it.

Well, one more thing, the teacher will probably be very grateful to you if you give up pens with buttons, which can be very fun to click during lessons.

Correct grip of the handle

If a child holds a pen like this

or like this

Do you think he will be able to write beautifully? It may work, but the writing will be very slow. Therefore, you should pay special attention to holding the handle correctly.

How is this correct? And this is when the pen rests on the middle finger, is held by the pad of the thumb and covered with the index finger. And the little and ring fingers serve to support the hand and slide, bent, across the paper.

This is where difficulties arise. Well, our little schoolchildren cannot get used to the correct position of the handle and when it is not grabbed.

Fortunately, dear parents, there are very specific ways to correct this situation. Now I will tell you about them and show you. We made a special video for you with my first-grader son Artem.

Method "Tweezers"

This exercise will help your child understand how to hold this naughty ballpoint pen. The idea is to grab the handle with three fingers (thumb, index, middle) at the very top and gradually slide your fingers down. In this case, the handle itself will fit into your hand as needed. Watch the video.

Method "Checkpoint"

Before you begin any written work, draw a bright dot on your child's middle finger. This will be where the handle lands. And on the handle you can use colored tape or tape to mark the lower limit beyond which your fingers should not go.

“Rubber” method

A regular rubber band will help you hold the writing instrument correctly. Great trainer. We put an elastic band on the child’s arm and wrist. And voila! The handle fits in the hand as it should. By the way, this also trains the arm muscles well.

Method "Napkin"

Another great and simple exercise. Fold an ordinary napkin so that the child can hold it with his little finger and ring finger, pressing it to his palm. So, the little and ring fingers are busy and cannot take part in the writing process. Only the correct “writing” fingers remain.

Method “Self-taught pen”

Let's not forget about a special device called a self-taught pen. This is a handle on which you can put a special attachment. The attachment most often looks like a beautiful toy. It is simply impossible to grasp a handle with such an overlay incorrectly. We haven't tried it ourselves, but we've heard a lot of positive reviews.

Exercise machine for right-handers “Self-taught pen” | Buy with delivery | My-shop.ru

Left-handed trainer “Self-taught pen” | Buy with delivery | My-shop.ru

These five methods, if practiced constantly, will be quite enough for the child to understand and remember how to hold a pen correctly.

Okay, we’re training our motor skills and learning how to hold a pen correctly. What else? What is the third principle?

Workout

There is no way to do this without constant training! You need to train constantly, both in preparation for lessons and outside of this process. Here various recipes will come to your aid. For 1st grade students, you can take copybooks according to age, you can even purchase an additional set of copybooks, the same as at school.

Well, for older children, for students in grades 2, 3 and 4, a cheating exercise is perfect. Just take any text and copy it into a notebook. This exercise, among other things, will help the child get used to cheating. After all, in schools now they not only write essays, expositions and dictations, but also periodically conduct so-called test cheating.

Exercises on shading, tracing and drawing in cells have also not been canceled. You can read more about them.

All of the above, dear parents, is enough to make your child’s handwriting, if not calligraphic, then at least very, very pleasant. Yes, and I also advise you to read an article about dysgraphia, it can make beautiful handwriting impossible.

I wish you patience and perseverance, and your little schoolchildren success in their studies and good health.

See you again, in new interesting articles!

Always yours, Evgenia Klimkovich

Sooner or later, all parents are faced with the fact that it is time to teach their child to read and write. If earlier this was done at school, now it is advisable to teach this to the child before he goes to school.

The main thing in learning to write letters is the child’s interest

First, you should show your child what letters there are, and only then move on to writing.

Today we will talk about capital letters and tell you how to teach your child to write them correctly.

How to teach a child to write. First steps.

How to write letters. Universal algorithm for all letters

RUSSIAN SMALL LETTERS learn to write, educational video SMALL WRITING LETTERS FOR CHILDREN

Experts also say that during training you should not shout at the child and demand instant results. This will only completely discourage you from learning, and the process will stop in place. If the baby doesn’t do it very well, he still needs to be praised so that he wants to learn how to do it even better.

Several useful exercises that will help you learn to write beautifully in capital letters

In schools, children in the first grade are given special copybooks, according to which children learn to write letters correctly. You can do some exercises before school too. All these exercises are quite simple.

• Exercise number one. You need to start with the fact that the child must learn to independently write the elements that make up letters or numbers. In this case we are talking about straight sticks, as well as sticks with rounded ends. Initially, you need to draw dots, combining which the child will get a certain element of the letter. It is advisable that your student circle several rows of the same element. After this, you can ask the child to independently repeat the element that he previously circled. This exercise must be repeated every day.
• When learning, you should focus not on all letters, but on one specific one. You should devote a certain amount of time to each letter until the child learns to write it. Experts advise that in order to make it interesting for a child, not just show how this letter is written, but do something unusual with it. For example, if you love to cook, you can prepare a dessert and serve it in the shape of this letter. You can also make a craft in the form of this letter or assemble it using a children's construction set. The child will undoubtedly like it, and he will study with pleasure.
• After you interest your offspring in a particular letter, you should show your child how to write it correctly. After this, the parents themselves must demonstrate several times how it is written. Only then can you teach your offspring to write this letter. You can tell your child exactly what he needs to do to get this letter on paper.
• If you see that it is difficult for your child to write a letter on paper, you can make the task easier for him. Ask your child to draw a symbol in the air. To begin with, you can draw the silhouette of the letter in the air yourself, and only then ask your child to repeat this procedure. If everything comes out right for the baby, ask your child to transfer his skills to paper.
• When the child begins to write a letter on a piece of paper, he can do this using your dots. Or you can tell him what to do to get it right.

If you see that the child is doing well, you can ask the child to write not one letter, but two. After this, you can move on to writing syllables, and then individual words.

How to help your child master the skill of beautiful and competent writing. Features of teaching left-handed writing.

The struggle of parents for the beauty of lines in children's notebooks takes a lot of effort and time, is accompanied by tearing out sheets of paper, repeated rewriting of work, while the child loses faith in his own abilities, lowers his self-esteem, and begins to hate writing. Proper preparation of the child’s hand for writing and a few simple recommendations will help you avoid these problems.

At the beginning of their education, children experience enormous physical and emotional stress when writing assignments in copybooks or notebooks. The situation is complicated by children's low endurance to static loads.
What will help a child learn to write beautifully?

Handles with rubberized indentations for the thumb and forefinger help ensure proper grip. These pens are available for right-handers and left-handers.

Special training attachments will help your child learn to hold a writing instrument correctly

Good development of fine motor skills of the fingers is very important. This will help with working with clay, plasticine, salt dough, small construction toys, fastening or unbuttoning buttons, tying shoelaces, weaving from ribbons, elastic bands, and beads.

How to teach a child to quickly write letters and numbers in cursive? Reasons for Slow Writing

1. Children who have difficulties developing motor skills, motor coordination and spatial perception have very low writing speed. The slowness of writing in this case is secondary, the problem is resolved by eliminating the listed reasons
2. Insufficient automation of writing skills. In the first stages of learning to write, it is very important for a child to become aware of the movement, see the line, its middle, feel the distance, and determine the starting point of the movement. And during this period, the pace of writing cannot be forced, otherwise the child will not have time to fix the correct way of writing a letter or its element, and subsequently “redoing” an incorrect graphic skill is much more difficult
3. Individual characteristics of the child. Most often, such children not only write slowly, but also move, speak, and dress slowly. You need to come to terms with this feature rather than fight it. A slow child who is rushed to write quickly will most likely sacrifice the quality of writing elements, which will lead to the gradual reinforcement of incorrect style and poor handwriting
4. Fatigue or decreased performance. For children of preschool and primary school age, it is very important to maintain a daily routine, alternate classes at the desk and breaks with warm-up or outdoor games; continuous work duration should not be more than 10-15 minutes.

The optimal writing speed for six-year-olds is 4-6 characters per minute, for seven-year-olds - 4-9 characters per minute.

How to teach a child to write capital letters correctly?

• The first stage is preparing your hand for writing. Exercises to develop fine motor skills, modeling, drawing, and origami will help with this. A great hand exercise is to be able to make a ball with one hand by crumpling up a newspaper page. You can arrange a competition between children or make newspaper balls against the clock

• The second stage is shading and coloring. At the same time, make sure that the child grasps the writing instrument (pen or pencil) correctly.

• The third stage - work in copybooks, writing dots, straight and oblique lines, hooks, ovals

• The fourth stage is writing capital letters. At first, the letter is written element by element, and it is important to pronounce the name of the element for better comprehension and memorization

How to teach a child to write accurately? Problems and solutions

• If the letters have the wrong slope or the elements are not parallel. The reason for this may be the child’s incorrect position at the table or the incorrect placement of the notebook.

• If there are problems in making rounded elements (too sharp or, on the contrary, flattened), wavy or jagged straight lines. Your child needs to strengthen his hand muscles and improve fine motor skills

• If the child does not observe the spacing between words (the words in a line are crowded or, on the contrary, the distances are too large), he writes in the margins or does not write to the end of the line, skips lines, writes letters in a mirror image. This indicates insufficient development of spatial perception

Instead of pointing out ugly letters or marks, use positive motivation. Emphasize the most beautiful elements in the line and praise the child for his efforts. Offer to evaluate the work together. Choose the most beautiful element and designate it as a queen or king by drawing a crown over it. It is important not just to admire a correctly written element, but also to describe what “beauty” is: it doesn’t go beyond the line, a beautiful oval, a smooth hook, etc.

How to teach a child to write without mistakes?

• If a child misses letters in words. The reason lies in insufficient development of phonemic hearing and sound-letter analysis of words. When writing, the child needs to pronounce the word syllable by syllable in a low voice. It is useful to write more from dictation, and the systematic nature of the lessons is important: let it be small dictations of two or three sentences, but every day

• If a child makes mistakes on spellings that are familiar to him. This means that the child does not know how to apply the rule; it is necessary to bring the skills of applying the rule to automatism: parse words with spellings, write dictionary dictations on this or that rule, or perform training tasks, for example, insert missing letters into words and be able to explain your choice

Children with speech impairments require special attention. If pronunciation defects appear in writing, you cannot do without the help of a speech therapist.

How to teach a child to write with a wide ruler?

When starting to write in a notebook with a wide line, the child is faced with the difficulty of independently controlling the width, height and slope of the letters. As a result, the following problems arise:

• letters are too large, sometimes even the entire line
• narrowed letters
• very small letters

1. There is no need to force the transition to a wide ruler until the skill of writing in a notebook in an oblique line is fully automated.
2. To make the transition smoother, encourage your child to write letters or words in a notebook using an oblique ruler, but not on the working line, but in a wide space. It is close in size to a line with a wide ruler, but oblique lines will make it possible to control the slope
3. Sew a combined notebook, alternating sheets in an oblique and wide line. Have your child write the letter on the narrow line first, and then do the same on the adjacent page on the wide line. Thus, the child will see before his eyes an example of writing a letter
4. At first, a zebra sheet with an oblique line, which is placed under the worksheet, will help to maintain the correct slope in the notebook in a wide line.

How to teach a child to write in English?

• You can start writing capital English letters when the child has mastered the alphabet and writing printed letters (large and small)
• Copybooks will help you master writing written English letters.
• Special English copybooks contain examples of writing both individual elements - lines, hooks, ovals, and letters of the English alphabet
• After you have mastered the writing of the letters of the English alphabet, you can begin to study the combinations of English letters in words. This will further increase your writing speed.

How to teach a left-handed child to write?

There are special writing rules for left-handed people:

• The notebook should lie on the table tilted to the right, the lower right corner of the page should be at the level of the middle of the chest

• It is necessary that the elbow of the left hand protrudes slightly beyond the edge of the table, the left hand moves freely along the page from top to bottom, and the right hand lies on the table and holds the page. In the classroom, a left-handed child should sit to the left of his neighbor

• Write letters by element, for example, first an oval, then an inclined line, a hook. In the intervals between writing elements, the child will be able to relax his hand and rest

• Don't rush your child. At the initial stage of developing writing skills, a left-handed person writes at a speed of 4-6 characters per minute. Gradually the skills will become automatic and the writing speed will increase

• If a left-handed child writes slowly, bring this to the teacher's attention. Let him be given a little less tasks. This will be fair, since it is harder for a left-handed child. Agree, it’s better to write one line, but with high quality, than to write a lot, but at random

• It can be difficult for a left-handed child to navigate the line: at first, mark the left margin with a red pencil, and the right one with a blue pencil. Do this until the child stops confusing the direction and learns to write from left to right

VIDEO: How to teach a child to write?

Do you know a situation where a child has been taught to write by tracing for years, but the result is not visible, the child cannot learn to write? At the same time, the child is restless and inattentive. He may even be diagnosed with motor disinhibition syndrome or ADHD. With such diagnoses, there is often a violation of visuospatial orientation and constructive praxis. The younger schoolchild has long learned to read, but writing is very behind. Or are you more familiar with the situation when a child picked up a pencil very late and, when his peers are already writing letters with might and main, he is just learning to color? His fingers are most likely weak and his movements are uncoordinated. Or, on the contrary, your child’s pen is constantly in hypertonicity (for example, when), and this prevents him from learning to write. Writer's cramp can also interfere with the writing process.

It is not for nothing that in the curriculum of a preschool institution there is no such subject as writing, but there is preparation of the hand for writing. It is assumed that a child comes to first grade ready to learn to write. But a child with developmental disabilities may not master certain skills in a timely manner, and in the 1st grade is still at the preparatory stage and needs to develop small muscles of the hand, attention, visual-spatial concepts and constructive praxis. An elementary school teacher writes letters in a workbook with a pencil for the child to trace. The schoolchild is asked to take a pen in his hand instead of a pencil, because by age he is already required to write with a pen and certainly in a school notebook. And nothing has changed. To move it, you need to figure out what exactly is preventing your child from mastering writing skills. Why do difficulties arise and what to do about it? How to teach a child to write? We will try to help with this by considering separately each problem and ways to overcome it.

1. Fine motor skills of the fingers are poorly developed. Fingers are not strong enough to hold a pen and pencil. The child holds them incorrectly, and the movements of the hand are not coordinated. The baby goes beyond the line when writing, beyond the outline of an object when coloring.

2. Visuospatial orientation is impaired. The child does not orientate himself on a piece of paper and cannot figure out where the top right corner is and where the bottom left corner is. And, therefore, he will not be able to write, for example, the printed letter A, drawing a line first to the lower left corner and then to the lower right.

3. Attention deficit. The child is unable to concentrate on what he is doing. It may be that he is drawing a line in a notebook with his hand, but at that moment his eyes are looking in the wrong direction.

4. Constructive praxis is violated. When writing, to get a letter, you need to put together many hook sticks. It is very difficult for a child who does not know how to build anything from a construction set, cubes, sticks, or matches.

For the development of fine motor skills and to strengthen children’s fingers we use, of course, finger games, finger theater, games with beans, peas, and other natural bulk materials.

For the development of visual-spatial orientation special “dictations” are used when the child is asked to put a match, a pea or any other small thing in the upper right corner of the album sheet, then in the lower left, in the center of the sheet, etc. Mosaics can also be used for the same purpose.

To develop concentration and attention span Activities are used that can temporarily hold the attention of each individual child. For example, sticking letters and numbers, alternating reading-sticking-coloring. Use the exercise of watching the second hand. If a child has problems with writing precisely because of attention deficit, it is necessary to help him by accompanying the movement of his hand with your voice. We comment clearly, loudly, expressively: “Wand up, stick down, hook.” We teach the child to name it after writing a letter. Then he will try to stay attentive, and not mechanically move his pen over the paper. If we are talking about the pre-literary period, and the child writes with sticks, then we prompt him: “From top to bottom! Top down!" A game like this will help here.

To develop constructive praxis The child, of course, is introduced to various types of construction, asked to put together a geometric figure or a letter from matches or counting sticks, and to find on paper the necessary elements for a certain letter. Then connect the dots. To begin with, we suggest connecting two dots, then several. At the same time, we practice hand coordination and concentration. If the movements are very poorly coordinated, then we gradually bring the points closer together, eventually reaching the point that they turn into a dotted line along which a letter or its element is written. At the same time, we remind the child that he needs to move clearly from point to point.

It should be noted that the written speech disorder that we are talking about in this article is motor dysgraphia.

And most importantly, although this is my personal opinion. If a child already reads and can form words from the letters of the magnetic alphabet, then you should not slow down his development by spending an incredible amount of time writing out letters. Put him in front of the computer and let him type. After all, typing is also writing. You can print exercises, dictations, letters. After all, it's the 21st century!