A dot in a knitting pattern. Symbols for diagrams. Example of notation for different circuits

To escape from everyday problems, each person chooses an activity to his liking. Today, knitting is especially popular among lovers of needlework. The designation of loops for this type of needlework is considered almost generally accepted, with some only minor clarifications. However, if you master the basic options for graphically depicting loops, reading diagrams will no longer be difficult. All that remains is to keep the number of working loops under control and periodically check the pattern.

Finding a pattern - starting to knit

They are of decisive importance for the pattern, as well as for other types of knitting. They ensure accurate repetition of a specific pattern. Few people will be able to accurately reproduce without a graphic design. To do this you need to have sufficient experience and a good imagination. And besides, for this purpose, it will almost certainly be necessary to dismantle the existing sample. But this eliminates the possibility of making a mistake. Because if something goes wrong, it will be quite difficult to correct the situation. That is why using knitting patterns is the simplest and most preferable option.

It can be argued that, regardless of what source the pattern was found in, anyone who knows the symbols of the loops will be able to complete the pattern. Even if a foreign resource was used, it is not possible to read the comments on the knitting task (due to the language barrier).

Main types of loops

In order to understand the basics of knitting, you need to master only three types of basic loops: knit, purl and yarn over. All the variety of patterns is made from them in different combinations and designs. Let's look at the generally accepted notation using the table below as an example.

Each type of loop, despite the fact that there are only three of them, has its own main purpose. If the purl stitch is used mainly for making the reverse side of the product, or highlighting certain elements, the front loop is for knitting. Variations of this loop are considered to be crossed, two or three loops knitted simultaneously, lowered, extended. They can be inclined to the right or left, it all depends on the complexity and symmetry of the pattern. And finally, the yarn over - it is used when you need to add a certain number of loops, as well as for making openwork patterns.

Face loop

Let's start by looking at the simplest and most popular type of loops - facial ones. This type is considered the most common, because it is with facial loops that a huge number of options are made, which make it possible to obtain such a variety of patterns. They are used for the simplest options: for stocking or garter knitting, as well as for creating particularly complex patterns.

No matter how complex the pattern may seem at first glance, by repeating it several times in a row, further work can be carried out literally on an intuitive level. Although almost everywhere the designation of loops is similar, some nuances are still worth remembering.

When starting to knit a new, unfamiliar pattern, the knitter performs a small sample. It will help you calculate the required number of loops for the product, and will also allow you to understand the technique of making the pattern. The front loop is usually indicated by a vertical dash or an empty cell.

Features of the designation

Schemes, as a rule, are drawn up taking into account the visual perception of the drawing. Therefore, to visually represent it, it is often necessary to highlight areas in the diagram that are of no practical importance for the drawing. And then empty cells indicate precisely such places. This should be remembered, since failure to comply with this nuance will make it impossible to knit correctly. The pattern will not work because the loops will not fall into their proper place.

Purl loop

The other most common type of loop is the purl stitch. In the diagrams it is represented by a horizontal line. This designation of loops in the diagram resembles their actual appearance when knitting. As mentioned above, both the front and back loops are equally important when knitting, because the use of various options for their combinations allows you to achieve all sorts of quite diverse patterns.

Yarn over

And the third type of loops in knitting is considered to be a yarn over. Actually, it can be called a loop quite conditionally. This is just a thread thrown onto a knitting needle for the purpose of further knitting a loop from it. On the diagrams it is simply indicated by a circle. When making a complex product, techniques of both narrowing and expanding the product are often used. And in this case, the yarn over comes to the rescue.

Yarn over is also used for knitting openwork patterns. Due to the fact that it appears where there was no loop before, it gives a certain airiness and looseness to the pattern. And if the correct combination of thread thickness and knitting needle diameter is observed, you can achieve incredibly beautiful, literally weightless products.

Options for knitting facial loops

As noted above, there are various options for combining basic stitches when knitting. Pattern diagrams sometimes contain symbols different from those listed above.

For example, if the pattern involves tilting the loops to the right or left, then the main loops are knitted according to certain rules. The technique of knitting them will vary slightly.

To tilt the knit stitch to the left, you must first remove one unknitted needle onto a working needle, and then, having knitted the next one, pull it through the removed one. And in order to achieve the inclination of the loops to the right, you need to insert the knitting needle under the second loop, and, grabbing it and the previous one, knit them at the same time. It should be noted that performing such a combination of tilts, especially for an insufficiently experienced master, is not at all easy. You have to constantly check the pattern diagram. And the fact that the designation of loops when knitting is universal greatly simplifies the process of perceiving the pattern.

The same techniques can be used not with one, but for knitting pairs of loops.

In the diagram, such options are indicated according to where they should be performed. Much less commonly, such tilts are indicated by a triangle indicating the direction of the tilt.

Using auxiliary needles

There is also a very important point for understanding how loops are designated when knitting. Not all types of loops can be made with knitting needles. Sometimes additional working knitting needles, a hook or pins are used for this purpose. They help not to lose the loops that should be knitted after those that are further on the auxiliary needle.

Three lines that have a common vertex indicate that the three loops are also knitted in a special way. Similar to the bends, one loop is removed unknitted. Then, two loops are knitted together and pulled through the removed one. Thus, we get a pyramid with a single vertex, which is similar to the symbol in the diagram.

Schema meaning

Thus, we came to the conclusion that each loop plays a certain role in the knitting process. Therefore, the designation of loops when knitting is of particular importance. After all, only strict adherence to the diagram can ensure that a certain pattern is obtained on the finished product.

Knitting is not just making various things with your own hands, it is also a creative process. It is difficult to imagine that obtaining such a huge number of different patterns is possible by using different options for making just three main loops. Every knitter can come up with her own special version of the pattern (after practicing on existing ones). And then, perhaps, it is your execution scheme that handicraft lovers will recommend to each other.

Conventions used in knitting patterns in descriptions.
001_Facial

002_Purl

003_Nakid There are two methods of performing a yarn over: moving the knitting needle “towards you” and “away from you”. As a rule, in knitting, a yarn over is used “on your own”, and if the pattern does not require this yarn over, then this must be specified in the conditions of this pattern. If the yarn over is necessary so that a hole or openwork is formed in its place, then in the purl row we knit it behind the back wall

Crossed loops

004_Crossed (crossed) knit stitch This loop is knitted in the same way as the front one, only in this case the right knitting needle is inserted from behind the front wall from right to left.

004a_Two faces crossed together with a tilt to the left
Two faces crossed together with a tilt to the left

004b_Two faces crossed together with a tilt to the right

Two faces crossed together with a tilt to the right

005_Crossed (crossed) purl loop

Purl crossed over the back wall or re-slip the loop, changing the walls, then knit as usual

006_Two loops together, knitted with a slant to the left Slip the first loop as in knitting, knit the 2nd loop and pull the removed loop through it.

007_Two loops purl together with a slant to the left Insert the knitting needle first into the 2nd, then into the 1st loop “towards you”, remove and transfer to the left knitting needle (switch places). Knit purlwise.

008_Two loops together, knitted with a slant to the right Knit 2 knits together with a tilt to the right (insert the knitting needle into the 2nd loop and 1st loop, starting from the second and knit them together)

009_Two loops purl together with a slant to the right Purl 2 together with a tilt to the right as usual

Three loops together

010_ Knit 3 together with the central loop on top

Remove two loops without knitting as in knitting, thread at work, knit the 3rd loop, insert the left knitting needle into the removed loops, throw them over the knitted one and pull out the loop
011_3 purl together with the central loop on top

You need to swap the 1st and 2nd loops: remove the 1st loop from the left knitting needle, holding it with the thumb of your right hand, transfer the 2nd loop to the right knitting needle without knitting, then pick up the 1st loop with the tip of the right knitting needle and put it on put it on the left knitting needle, then transfer the 2nd loop to the left knitting needle, then insert the knitting needle into 3 loops at once and knit them together

012_3 knit together with a tilt to the left

Use the right needle to slip off the first stitch. Then we knit the second and third loops so that the third is in front of the second and throw the removed loop over it.
013_ 3 purl together with a tilt to the left

Slip the second and third stitches onto the right needle. We put the first loop on the left knitting needle, then the third and second and knit them together with a purl loop.

014_3 knit together with tilt to the right

Insert the right knitting needle sequentially into 3-2-1 loops, grab the thread, as when knitting, pull out the loop.

015_3 purl together with a tilt to the right Purl 3 stitches

Four loops together 016_4 knit together with a tilt to the left
017_ knit 4 together with a tilt to the right

Five loops together 018_ Knit 5 together with a tilt to the left
019_ Knit 5 together with a tilt to the right

Two loops from one. Adding a loop from the previous row

020_Increasing from the front loop on the right Add a knit stitch from the loop of the previous row, and knit a loop of the current row. This addition of loops does not leave holes in the knitted fabric

020a_Two loops from one. Add from purl to right

Add a purl stitch from the stitch of the previous row, and knit a loop of the current row

021_Increase from the front loop on the left P Knit the knit stitch of the current row, add a knit stitch from the loop of the previous row

021a_Increase from a purl loop on the left Purl the current row, add a knit stitch from the previous row

Three loops from one
Knit 3 from one loop (knit a knit stitch and, without dropping the loop of the previous row from the knitting needle, yarn over and pull out another knit loop, unless other methods are indicated in the legend to the pattern)

022_Knit 3 from one loop (knit, yarn over, knit)

023_

Knit 3 from one loop (purl, yo, purl)

024_Knit 3 from one loop (knit, purl, knit)

025_Four loops from one

Knit 4 from one loop (knit, purl, knit, purl)

026_Five loops from one

Knit 5 from one loop (knit, yo, knit, yo, knit)

027_Three loops out of three Knit 3 out of 3 loops (knit 3 loops together without dropping the loop of the previous row from the knitting needle, make a yarn over and another knit stitch)

028_"Bump" of 3 loops

Knit 3 stitches from 1 (knit, yarn over, knit), slip them onto the left knitting needle and knit 3 together, knitting to the right
029_ “Bump” of 3 loops

Knit 3 from 1 loop (knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 3 purls, turn the work to the right side, knit 3 together with the front (second from the top: remove two loops without knitting as in knitting, thread behind the work , knit the 3rd loop, insert the left knitting needle into the removed loops, throw them over the knitted one and pull out the loop)

030_ “Bump” of 3 loops with additional rows

Knit 3 from 1 loop (knit, yarn over, knit), turn work to the wrong side, knit 3 purls, turn work to the front side, knit 3 knits, turn the work, knit 3 purls, turn the work, knit 3 knits together (second from top : remove two loops without knitting as in knitting, thread at work, knit the 3rd loop, insert the left knitting needle into the removed loops, throw them over the knitted one and pull out the loop)

031_"Bump" of 3 loops with additional rows slanted to the right

Knit 3 from 1 loop (knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 3 purls, turn the work to the right side, knit 3 knits, turn the work, knit 3 purls, turn the work, knit 3 knits together with a tilt to the right (insert the knitting needle from left to right into the 3rd, 2nd, 1st loops and knit 3 stitches together)
032_"Bump" of 5 loops

Knit 5 stitches from 1 (knit, yo, knit, yo, knit), return them to the left knitting needle and knit together with a tilt to the left or crochet them
033_ “Bump” of 5 loops

Knit 5 from 1 loop (knit, yarn over, knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 5 purls, turn the work to the front side, knit 5 together with the front (3 - I from the top: remove 3 loops without knitting as in knitting, starting with the third, thread at work, knit the 5th and 4th loops with a knit slope to the right, pull the resulting loop through the first three loops)

033a_ “Bump” of 5 loops tilted to the left

Knit 5 from 1 loop (knit, yarn over, knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 5 purls, turn the work to the front side, knit 5 together with the front one tilted to the left (that is, first turn the loops over and knit them behind the back wall (like a “Bump” of five loops with additional rows, made along the purl stitch with a slant to the left (see below))

034_Kishechka" of five loops with additional rows, made along the front stitch with a central loop on top

Knit 5 stitches from 1 (knit, yarn over, knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 5 purls, turn the work to the right side, knit 5 knits, turn the work, knit 5 purls, turn the work, knit 5 together knit (3rd - from the top: remove 3 loops without knitting as in knitting, starting from the third, thread at work, knit the 5th and 4th loops with the knit one tilted to the right, pull the resulting loop through the first three loops)

035_ “Bump” of five loops with additional rows, made along the purl stitch with a slant to the left Knit 5 stitches from 1 (knit, yarn over, knit, yarn over, knit), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 5 purls, turn the work to the right side, knit 5 knits, turn the work, knit 5 purls, turn the work, knit 5 together knit with a slant to the left or crochet them

036_ “Bump” of five loops, made in purl stitch on stockinette stitch
Knit 5 from 1 loop (purl, yo, purl, yo, purl), turn the work to the wrong side, knit 5 purls, turn the work to the front side, knit 5 knits, turn the work, knit 5 purls, turn the work, knit 5 together facial with a tilt to the right

037_"Japanese cone"
We bring the right knitting needle into the corresponding loop 2 rows below, pull out a long loop, yarn over and another long loop, the loop from which the loops were pulled out, discard from the left knitting needle and unravel; we continue knitting the row, in the next row we knit the elongated loops and yarn over, in the next front row we knit these loops as 3 together with the front one from the central one on top (remove two loops without knitting as in knitting, thread at work, knit the 3rd loop, insert the left knitting needle into the removed loops, throw them over the knitted one and pull out the loop)

038_"Japanese cone" on the reverse stitch

We bring the right knitting needle into the corresponding loop 3 rows below, pull out a long loop, yarn over and another long loop, the loop from which the loops were pulled out, drop from the left knitting needle and unravel; we continue knitting the row, in the next row we knit the elongated loops and yarn over, in the next front row we knit these loops as 3 together with the front one from the central one on top (remove two loops without knitting as in knitting, thread at work, knit the 3rd loop, insert the left knitting needle into the removed loops, throw them over the knitted one and pull out the loop)

039_Wrapped loops

Knit 3 knit stitches, slip them onto an auxiliary needle, wrap the removed loops with the working thread the required number of times (in this example, 3 times) counterclockwise, then re-slip the wrapped loops onto the right needle. All other entanglements are 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. loops are made in the same way.

Knit 5 loops (in this example, 2 knits, purl, 2 knits), slip them onto an auxiliary needle, wrap the removed loops with the working thread the required number of times (in this example, 5 times) counterclockwise, then re-slip the wrapped loops onto the right knitting needle. All other entanglements are 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. loops are made in the same way.

040_ “Bump” of 3 half-columns from one loop

loop, yarn over, loop, yarn over, loop, yarn over, loop - we knit all the loops in one step, secure with another air loop

041_ “Bump” from 2 air lifting loops and 3 half-columns from one loop

2 air loops for lifting, yarn over, loop, yarn over, loop, yarn over, loop - we knit everything in one step, secure with another air loop

042_ “Bump” from double crochets

3 chain stitches, knit 2 double crochets from one loop and knit them in one step
043_ “Bump” made of air loops

Enclose 2 air loops in a ring in the base loop and knit a connecting post, knit the 2 resulting loops into one, put on the right knitting needle

044_"Bump" their 3 double crochets
3 chain stitches, knit 3 double crochets from one loop and knit them in one step, secure with another chain stitch

Moved loops 1X1 “to the left”

045_Knit stitch crossed to the left on the knit stitch

046_Knit crossed to the left on the purl stitch

Moving loops 1X1 “to the right”

047_Knit stitch crossed to the right on the knit stitch

Without knitting the first, insert the right needle into the second loop. Knit it with a knit stitch without removing the first loop. Insert the right needle into the first stitch and knit it.

048_ Knit stitch crossed to the right on purl stitch

Just as in the previous case, without removing the first purl loop, insert the right knitting needle into the front loop and grab the thread. We knit a front loop. Insert the right needle into the purl loop from behind and grab the thread

Two moved loops to the left with a front crossed

049_Crossed knit stitch to the left on knit stitch

Without removing the first loop from the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle behind the first into the second loop from the front side. Knit the second stitch. Insert the right needle into the first loop from the wrong side (behind the back wall). Due to this, the front loop turns out to be crossed and we knit it with the front one.

050_Crossed knit stitch to the left on purl stitch

Two moved loops to the right with a front crossed

051_ Crossed knit stitch to the right on stockinette stitch

Without removing the first loop from the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle into the second loop from behind so as to hook it onto the back wall. We pull the back wall of the second loop forward and knit it with the front one. We insert the right knitting needle into the first loop and knit it with a knitting loop behind the front wall.
052_Crossed knit stitch to the right on purl stitch

face crossed. We knit a purl loop purl.

053_Loop thrown to the left

Insert the right knitting needle alternately into the first and second loops and turn them towards you. Slip both stitches onto the right needle. Insert the left needle into the first stitch from the back. Having picked it up, we throw it over the second one. Without removing the first loop from the left knitting needle, knit first the second, then the first loop.

054_Loop thrown to the right

Without removing the first loop from the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle into the second loop from behind. Having moved the second loop behind the first, insert the right knitting needle into the second loop from the front and knit it. We insert the right needle again from the front, now into the first loop. We knit it with knit stitch.

Two moved with the loop removed

055_Removed moved knit stitch to the left Knit the second stitch, slip the first and place it on the right needle behind the first without knitting.

056_Removed moved knit loop to the right Move the second stitch in front of the first, remove it without knitting, knit the next one)

057_3 moved knit stitches to the left on stockinette stitch
We remove 2 knit stitches onto the auxiliary knitting needle before work, knit 1 knit stitch, move the loops from the auxiliary knitting needle to the left knitting needle, knit them

058_3 moved knit stitches to the left on purl stitch
Slip 2 knit stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, knit 1 purl loop, move the loops from the auxiliary needle to the left knitting needle, knit them

059_3 moved knit stitches to the right on knit stitch

Slip 1 knit stitch onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit 2 knit stitches, move the loop from the auxiliary needle to the left knitting needle, knit

060_ 3 knit stitches moved to the right on purl stitch

Slip 1 purl stitch onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit 2 knit stitches, move the loop from the auxiliary needle to the left needle, knit

061_Tie of 3 loops tilted to the left

We remove the front loop on the auxiliary knitting needle before work, knit the 2nd, then the 3rd loop, then knit the loop from the auxiliary knitting needle

062_Tie of 3 loops tilted to the right

We remove 2 knit stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the 3rd one, then knit the loops from the auxiliary needle

063_A harness of 3 loops tilted to the left from the center behind

Slip the first stitch onto the auxiliary needle in front of the work, the second onto the auxiliary needle behind the work, knit the third loop, then the second from the auxiliary needle behind the work, then knit the first loop from the auxiliary needle

064_A harness of 3 loops slanted to the right from the center behind

Slip two loops onto the auxiliary knitting needle behind the work, knit a third loop, transfer two loops from the auxiliary knitting needle to two auxiliary knitting needles (leave the second behind the work, and transfer the first to the left knitting needle in front of the second loop), knit first the second loop, then the third

065_Tie of 3 loops tilted to the left

(knit, purl, knit): slip the first knit stitch onto the auxiliary needle before work, the second purl stitch onto the auxiliary needle behind the work, knit the third stitch, then knit the second stitch from the auxiliary needle behind the purl work, then knit the first stitch from the auxiliary needle knit

066_Tie of 3 loops tilted to the right

(knit, purl, knit): slip two stitches onto the auxiliary needle behind the work, knit a third loop, transfer two loops from the auxiliary needle to two auxiliary needles (leave the second behind the work, and transfer the first to the left needle in front of the second loop), knit first purl the second loop, then knit the third loop

067_Twist of 4 loops tilted to the left

(knit, purl 2, knit): slip first knit stitch on auxiliary needle before work, purl two stitches on auxiliary needle behind work, knit 4th stitch, then purl two from auxiliary needle behind work, then knit first stitch on auxiliary needle knitting needles

068_Twist of 4 loops tilted to the right

(knit, 2 purl, knit): slip the first loop onto the auxiliary needle before work, transfer two purl loops to the auxiliary needle behind work, knit the 4th loop first (leave the first loop behind it), knit two purl loops from the auxiliary needle behind work, now knit the first knit stitch

069_A harness of 3 front loops with a central one on top

slip the first two loops onto the auxiliary needle before work, knit the third loop, slip the first loop onto the auxiliary needle behind the second and in front of the third, knit the second loop, then the first

070_Twist of 5 facial

slip the first stitch onto the auxiliary needle before work, slip the next 3 stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the 5th loop, then 3 from the auxiliary needle at work, now the first from the auxiliary needle before work

071a_4 moved knit stitches to the left on stockinette stitch

We remove 3 knit stitches onto the auxiliary knitting needle before work, knit 1 knit stitch, move the loops from the auxiliary knitting needle to the left knitting needle, knit them

070b_4 moved knit stitches to the left on purl stitch

Performed similarly to three moved loops
Slip 3 knit stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, knit 1 purl loop, move the loops from the auxiliary needle to the left knitting needle, knit them

070c_4 moved knit stitches to the right on stockinette stitch

Performed similarly to three moved loops
Slip 1 knit stitch onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit 3 knit stitches, move the loop from the auxiliary needle to the left knitting needle, knit

070d_4moved knit stitches to the right on purl stitch

Performed similarly to three moved loops
Slip 1 purl stitch onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit 3 knit stitches, move the loop from the auxiliary needle to the left needle, knit

071_Twist of 4 loops on the stockinette stitch with a slant to the left

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, knit the next 2 stitches, knit from the auxiliary needle

072_Twist of 4 loops on the stockinette stitch with a slope to the right

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the next 2 stitches, knit from the auxiliary needle

073_Twist of 4 loops with a slant to the left, knit 2. X 2 purl.

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, purl the next 2 stitches, knit from the auxiliary needle

074_Twist of 4 loops tilted to the right, knit 2. X 2 purl.

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the next 2 stitches, knit 2 purl stitches from the auxiliary needle

075_Twist of 5 loops tilted to the left 2 X 3

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, purl the next 3 stitches, knit from the auxiliary needle

076_Twist of loops tilted to the right 2 X 3

Slip 3 stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the next 2 stitches, purl 3 from the auxiliary needle

Harnesses of 4 loops with crossed facial loops in front

077_2 crossed knits moved 2 loops to the left

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle before work, knit the next 2 stitches with knit stitches crossed, knit from the auxiliary needle
078_2 crossed knits moved 2 loops to the right

Slip 2 stitches onto the auxiliary needle while working, knit the next 2 stitches with knit stitches crossed, knit from the auxiliary needle

079_Tie of 5 loops tilted to the left

(knit 2, purl, knit 2): knit 2 onto an additional needle before work, purl onto an additional needle behind work, knit 2, purl from an additional needle behind work, knit 2 from an additional needle before work

080_Tie of 5 loops tilted to the right

(knit 2, purl, knit 2): knit 2 on extra needle behind work, purl on extra needle behind work, knit 2 before first 2 knit stitches, purl on extra needle behind work, first 2 knits on extra needle

Harnesses 3X3

081_Tie of 6 loops tilted to the left

Slip 3 stitches onto an additional needle before work, 3 knit stitches, 3 knit stitches from an additional needle

082_Tie of 6 loops tilted to the right

Slip 3 stitches onto an additional needle while working, 3 knit stitches, 3 knit stitches from an additional needle

Harnesses 4X4

083_Twist of 8 loops tilted to the left

Slip 4 stitches onto an additional needle before work, knit 4, knit 4 from an additional needle

084_Twist of 8 loops tilted to the right

Slip 4 stitches onto an additional needle at work, 4 knit stitches, 4 knit stitches from an additional needle

Slipped double crochet stitch

085_facial: 1 way

Remove the front loop, make a yarn over, repeat in the purl row, in the next knit stitch, knit as a knit stitch with 2 yarn overs 086_knit: 2nd method

Insert the knitting needle 2 rows below, pull out a loop, discard the loops of this column, you get a loop with 2 crochets 087_purl stitch: 1 way

Remove the purl loop, make a yarn over, repeat in the purl row, in the next knit stitch, knit as a purl with 2 yarn overs 088_purl stitch: 2nd method

Insert the knitting needle 2 rows below, pull out a loop, discard the loops of this column, you get a purl loop with 2 crochets

089_091_For English and Pluangli rubber bands

Remove the loop as in knitting, make a yarn over. Remove the purl loop as in purl knitting, make a yarn over.

092_Removed crossed loop

Remove the front loop, at the same time cross it, make a yarn over, repeat in the purl row. In the next knit stitch, knit like a knit stitch with 2 yarn overs.

Cloquet effect

093_Elongated loops on the purl stitch

Remove the purl loop, insert the knitting needle 6 rows below, pick up the purl loop and put it on the left knitting needle, return the unknitted purl loop there and knit them together as a purl stitch - removed and pulled out loops

094_Elongated loop from purl track

1st row - facial loops; 2nd row - facial loops; 3rd row - facial loops; 4th row - purl loops; 5th row - front loops: pry the jumper of the purl loop 4 rows below and knit it together with the front loop of the same column. Or, you can knit a knit stitch, and throw the elongated loop over the knitted knit stitch.

095_Elongated loop from the 3rd row

1st row - facial loops; 2nd row - facial loops; 3rd row - facial loops; 4th row - purl loops; 5th row - knit stitches: pick up the broach 3 rows below and knit it together with the knit stitch of the column on the right

096_Elongated loop on purl stitch

On the purl stitch, insert the needle 6 rows below, grab the working thread and pull out a loop. In the next row, knit this loop and the next knit stitch together.

097_100_Trefoil from elongated loops

In the second front row, we insert the right knitting needle into the loop two front rows below (into the loop of the third row). Grab the working thread and pull a long loop to the right side, leaving it on the right needle. Knit the next knit stitch on the left needle. Insert the right needle again into the same loop from which the previous long loop was pulled. Pull another long loop to the right side, leaving it on the right needle. Knit another knit stitch again on the left needle. And again, using the right needle, pull out a long loop from the same point. In the next purl row, knitting to long elongated loops, knit them along two together with a purl loop, in pairs, thus “attaching” long elongated loops to the canvas.

Removed loops

101_Removed loop, thread at work (broaching)

102_Purl loop removed, thread at work

In order to get a purl loop in the front row, you need to knit this loop in the purl row.

103_Removed front loop with broaching before work
104_ Removed purl loop with broaching before work

Removed purl loop with broaching before work. If this is a purl loop in the front row, then in order to get it in the front row, it is necessary to knit this loop in the purl row

"Butterflies"

105_ “Butterfly” of three broaches based on 3 elongated loops

In the first purl row, we transfer the working thread to the front side. We transfer three purl loops from the right knitting needle to the left one without knitting, transfer the working thread to the wrong side again and continue knitting the row with purl loops (make sure that the broach remaining on the front side does not tighten the knitting). We knit the next front and back rows in the same way, removing three elongated loops and laying a broach on the front side in front of the elongated loops. In the fourth row, knit the first elongated loop. Next, using one loop, we knit together the middle loop and all three broaches located on the front side. We knit the third elongated loop with a knit stitch. We knit the row to the end with facial loops.

106_ “Butterfly” of three broaches based on 5 elongated loops Having knitted the background loops in the purl row, we transfer all five purl loops from the right knitting needle to the left, having previously transferred the working thread to the front side (we make sure that the broach does not tighten the fabric and is no less in length than the width of the five loops). In the next front row we knit all the loops. We knit the next rows in the same way as the previous ones to get two more broaches. In the last (6th front row) we knit the first two removed loops. Then we insert the left knitting needle under all three broaches, starting from the bottom one, and knit them together with the middle knit stitch with a knit stitch. We knit the next two removed loops with knit stitches.

107_Crossed yarn over

Grab the working thread lying on the right knitting needle and the index finger of the left hand with the right knitting needle in the area below the index finger, and pull it towards the knitting. Remove the loop from the index finger, swapping the front and back walls of the loop (turning the loop 180 degrees) and put the resulting crossed loop on the right knitting needle.

108_Long loops

With two turns

With three turns

Insert the right needle into the loop on the left needle. Wrap the working thread around the right needle twice. After this, throw the loop over the right knitting needle and knit the required number of elongated loops. Turn the knitting over to the wrong side. Knit elongated loops twisted into a spiral like regular purl loops, “unraveling” one yarn over.

Horizontal elongated loops

109_Loop extended to the left

These three loops must first be knitted, then the left knitting needle must be inserted into the gap between the third and fourth loops. We pick up the working thread and pull it out in the form of a long loop to the front side, leaving it on the left knitting needle. We slip the last loop from the right knitting needle to the left one and throw the elongated loop over it. Then we transfer it to the right knitting needle again.

110_Loop extended to the right

Without knitting the covered three loops, insert the end of the right needle into the gap between the third and fourth loops on the left needle. Use the right knitting needle to hook the working thread, as when knitting a knit stitch, and pull it to the right side. After that, knit it together with the first knit stitch. And only after that knit the second and third loops.

Obliquely elongated loops

111_Loop obliquely extended to the left

Having knitted these three covered loops in the front working row, we insert the left knitting needle into the gap between 3 and 4 loops 1 row below the working one and pull out a long loop on the front side. We transfer the elongated loop from the left knitting needle to the right one and embed it in the working row. We knit the front row to the end and turn the knitting to the wrong side. We knit the second working purl row to the elongated loop, knit it together with the first of the three covered loops, purl two together. We finish the purl row.

112_An obliquely extended loop to the right

Having knitted up to three covered loops, we insert the right knitting needle under the left one in the gap between 3 and 4 loops. We grab the working thread and pull out a long loop on the front side, which we leave on the right knitting needle. Having knitted the three covered loops with facial loops, we finish the first facial working row. Turning the work to the wrong side, we knit a purl row. Having knitted two of the three covered loops, we change places of the third and elongated loops. We knit the third covered and elongated loop with two loops together, purlwise.

Two loops clasped with a yarn over

113_Two loops clasped with a yarn over and tilted to the left

Having knitted the row to the location of the element, we make a yarn over “from ourselves”. We knit the next two knit stitches. Using the left knitting needle we hook up the previously made yarn over, lift it and transfer it (toss it) over the 2 knit stitches behind it.

114_Two loops clasped with a yarn over and tilted to the right

We knit the purl row to the location of the element, make a yarn over “on ourselves” and knit two loops with purl stitches. Using the left knitting needle we pick up the previously made yarn over and lift it. We transfer the yarn over through the two purl stitches that follow it and knit the purl row to the end.

Crocheted Double Rings

115_Encircled rings with double crochet to the left

Having knitted the front row to the track of 3 front loops, we transfer all three front loops from the left knitting needle to the right one, after which we use the left knitting needle to pick up the first loop of the track and throw it over the second and third. We return the remaining two loops to the left knitting needle. We knit the second loop of the track, make a yarn over “from ourselves” and knit the third loop of the track.

115 a_Encircled rings with a double crochet to the left, knitted with a slant to the right together with the previous loop

Having knitted the front row to the track of 3 front loops, remove 1 loop unknitted, then move all three front loops from the left knitting needle to the right one, after which we use the left knitting needle to pick up the first loop of the track and throw it over the second and third. We return the remaining two loops to the left knitting needle and also return 1 slip stitch before the knit 3 stitch on the left needle. We knit the second loop of the track together with the previous loop (tilting to the right), make a yarn over “from ourselves” and knit the third loop of the track.

115 b_Encircled rings with a double crochet to the left, knitted with a slant to the left along with the next loop

Having knitted the front row to the track of 3 front loops, we transfer all three front loops from the left knitting needle to the right one, after which we use the left knitting needle to pick up the first loop of the track and throw it over the second and third. We return the remaining two loops to the left knitting needle. We knit the second loop of the track, make a yarn over “from ourselves” and knit the third loop of the track together with the loop that follows the track of 3 loops (tilting to the left).

116_Circle rings with double crochet to the right

We perform 2-3 rows of a path of three facial loops along the purl field. Having reached the track, with the right knitting needle we pick up the third loop of the track and throw it over the first two. We knit the first knit stitch. We make a yarn over “from ourselves” between the first and second facial loops, knit the second facial loop.

116 a_Encircled rings with a double crochet to the right, knitted with a slant to the left along with the next loop

We perform 2-3 rows of a path of three facial loops along the purl field. Having reached the track, with the right knitting needle we pick up the third loop of the track and throw it over the first two. We knit the first knit stitch. We make a yarn over “from ourselves” between the first and second knit stitches, knit the second knit loop together with the next loop (tilting to the left).

116 b_Encircled rings with a crochet to the right, knitted with a tilt to the right together with the previous loop

We perform 2-3 rows of a path of three facial loops along the purl field. Not reaching the track by 1 loop, remove 1 loop not knitted, use the right knitting needle to pick up the third loop of the track and throw it over the first two. We return 1 removed loop to the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle from the side of the first loop of the track of 3 loops and knit it together with the previous knit stitch (2 knit stitches together tilted to the right). We make a yarn over “from ourselves” between the first and second facial loops, knit the second facial loop.

Two loops clasped with a crochet on the side

117_Two loops clasped with a crochet on the left side

Having knitted part of the front row to the location of the element, first we knit two front loops, which will later be encircled and again transfer them to the left knitting needle. Then, using the right knitting needle, we pry up the third unknitted loop from the back side and, slightly stretching it, transfer it (throw it) over the previous two. We re-slip the knitted loops from the left knitting needle to the right one, yarn over “from ourselves” and finish the front row.

118_Two loops clasped with a crochet on the side on the right

Having knitted part of the front row to the location of the element, use a working thread to yarn over in the direction “away from you”. After this, we insert the right knitting needle into the first loop and move it from the left knitting needle to the right one, simultaneously unfolding it. Since we have not knitted this loop and are not going to knit it, it will be considered pulled from the previous row. The working thread remains behind the removed loop. We knit the second and third stitches behind the front wall. With the left knitting needle we pick up the first removed loop and transfer it (throw it) through the second and third knitted loops.

119_Twist of 3 loops tilted to the left with crossed knits

(knit, purl, knit): slip first knit stitch all the way
auxiliary knitting needle before work, purl the second loop on the auxiliary knitting needle behind the work, knit the third loop with the front knitting needle crossed, then the second loop from the auxiliary knitting needle behind the work, purl, then knit the first loop from the auxiliary knitting needle with the knitting needle crossed

120_Twist of 3 loops slanted to the right with crossed knits

(knit, purl, knit): slip two stitches onto the auxiliary needle behind the work, knit the third loop with a knit stitch crossed, transfer two loops from the auxiliary needle to two auxiliary needles (leave the second behind the work, and transfer the first to the left needle in front of the second loop), First knit the second loop purlwise, then knit the third loop with the front one crossed

121_Combined designations

2 moved loops: crossed knit stitch to the left on purl stitch, purl, crossed knit stitch to the right on purl stitch

Crossed knit stitch to the left on purl stitch

Without removing the knit stitch from the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle into the second loop. We pull it forward and knit it with a purl loop. We transfer the thread “to work”, insert the right knitting needle into the front loop from behind (behind the back wall).

Crossed knit stitch to the right on purl stitch

Without removing the first purl loop from the left knitting needle, insert the right knitting needle into the front loop of the chain from behind. Hooking the front loop onto the back wall, we knit it face crossed. We knit a purl loop purl.

122_Combined harness of 5 loops

Swap the loops:

a) remove the purl loop for extra. knitting needle at work, we knit the knitting needle crossed, and the purl one, until, without knitting, we re-slip it onto the right knitting needle

b) remove the purl (central) one on the right knitting needle, the knitting needle crossed on the additional one. Before work, without knitting the knitting needle, we put it on the right knitting needle.

c) facial with additional put the knitting needles on the left knitting needle

d) now we slip 3 purl loops back onto the left knitting needle and knit a combination from them: yarn over, knit 3 together (2nd loop on top (see above)), yarn over. All that remains is to knit a knitted one.

Knit with pleasure!

The diagram shows how to knit the pattern. Basically, each cell corresponds to one loop, and each row of cells contains a number of loops. The patterns should be read in the front rows from right to left, in the back rows - from left to right.

Thus, the alternation of cells in the diagram corresponds to the alternation of loops when knitting. The numbers on the sides of the pattern indicate the number of rows from bottom to top, that is, the sequence in which you need to knit. On the right are the numbers for the front rows: on the left - for the purl rows. In the diagrams of most patterns, only the front rows are shown (most often odd). In these cases, in the purl rows, the loops are knitted according to the pattern, that is: purl loops - purl, knit loops - knit. If there are exceptions to this rule or any features, then this is usually indicated directly next to the pattern. If the purl rows are reflected in the diagram, then the loops are knitted as indicated.

How to knit a particular loop is explained with icons, the decoding of which is given in a general list. All icons are selected to resemble the loop itself as much as possible. They are remembered relatively quickly by looking at them. You can already imagine from the diagram what the pattern will be like. There is no need to be afraid, and then the schemes will very soon “speak” to you!

IN rapport(MS) reflects the number of stitches in width that you will need to create the pattern. This pattern is repeated so many times. how much is needed to obtain the desired width of the product. Rapport is marked on the diagrams with arrows or square brackets. Start knitting with loops until repeat, then repeat repeat loops as many times as possible. as needed to achieve the desired width of the product, and finish with loops after repeating.

If there is a central pattern, then only the required number of stitches for this pattern is given, and the main pattern running on both sides of it is knitted in accordance with the description or your own idea. The diagram shows the height of the number of rows required to form the pattern. The given rows should be repeated all the time. Exceptions to this rule are indicated directly next to each diagram.

Let's look at an example. Let's say we have the following diagram:

The numbers on the right side indicate that there are 12 rows in the repeat. If even rows are not indicated, then they are knitted the way the stitches look, that is: purl stitches are knitted above the knit stitches, knit stitches are knitted above the knit stitches, and purl stitches are knitted above the yarn overs.

The numbers below indicate how many loops you need to cast on. One repeat (repeating pattern) is marked with the symbols "MS".

So, in our case, we need to cast on 16 loops of the main pattern + 2 outer or edge loops (they are cast on with each knitting, as indicated in the table, they are most often not indicated in the patterns).

1st and 5th rows: * 1 purl. p., 2 p. together with the front one tilted to the right, 1 yarn over, 1 p. p., 4 p. cross to the left (leave 2 p. on the auxiliary needle before work, knit 2 p., then knit 2 p. on the auxiliary needle), purl 1. p., 2 p. together with the front one tilted to the right, 1 yarn over, 1 p. p., 4 persons. n. *, repeat from * to *;

2nd and all even rows: Knit all the loops according to the pattern, knit the yarn overs purlwise;

3rd row: * 1 purl. p., 1 yarn over, 2 p. knit together with a slant to the left, purl 1. p., 4 p. cross to the left (leave 2 p. on the auxiliary needle before work, knit 2 p., then knit 2 p. on the auxiliary needle), purl 1. p., 1 yarn over, 2 p. knit together with a slant to the left, purl 1. p., 4 persons. n. *, repeat from * to *;

7th and 11th rows: * 1 purl. p., 1 yarn over, 2 p. knit together with a slant to the left, purl 1. p., 4 persons. p., 1 p. p., 1 yarn over, 2 p. knit together with a slant to the left, purl 1. p., 4 p. cross to the right (leave 2 p. on the auxiliary needle while working, knit 2 p., then knit 2 p. with the auxiliary needle) *, repeat from * to *:;

9th row: * 1 purl. p., 2 p. together with the front one tilted to the right, 1 yarn over, 1 p. p., 4 persons. p., 1 p. p., 2 p. together with the front one tilted to the right, 1 yarn over, 1 p. p., 4 p. cross to the right (leave 2 p. on the auxiliary needle while working, knit 2 p., then knit 2 p. with the auxiliary needle) *, repeat from * to *.

Unfortunately, there are many variations in the design of loops for circuits. Almost every magazine has its own system of images of loops. It is usually found in a separate lookup table.

On our website we tried to use the most common method of depicting loops.

Evgenia Smirnova

To send light into the depths of the human heart - this is the purpose of the artist

Content

Knitting is a fun activity. To create exclusive products yourself, you need to learn how to knit basic types of loops and master reading patterns. Knitting conventions and their decoding are the key to understanding what to do and in what order.

How to Read Knitting Patterns

A knitting pattern is a picture drawn on a sheet of paper in a checkered pattern with symbols. It allows you not to describe each element in words and abbreviations. Each cell is a loop. Each type has its own symbol. The symbols of loops when knitting need to be read in the front rows from right to left, in the purl rows - from left to right. The number of rows is indicated by numbers on the right. The number of loops in width is indicated in numbers below. Each row of cells is a row in knitting. The number of cells in a row is the width of the knitting; how many loops need to be cast on.

The diagrams indicate the number of rows required to form a pattern that should be repeated. All other instructions will be in the description.

Rapport is a repeating element of a pattern. Marked with square brackets, arrows, and the letters MS. Marked with asterisks in the description. The diagrams indicate the facial rows.

Conventions in knitting

To understand the pattern, you need to remember the symbols for knitting. There are not many basic icons: an empty square, triangles to the right and left, filled or not, a circle, vertical and horizontal lines, diamonds, filled or not, slanted lines to the right or left with an additional line to the right or left.

List of types of loops:

• facial;
• purl;
• yarn over;
• two together face left;
• two together facing right;
• two together purl to the left;
• two together purl to the right;
• facial crossed;
• purl crossed;
• edge;
• three together facial;
• purl three together;
• cross to the right;
• cross to the left;
• remove on an auxiliary knitting needle before work;
• remove to the auxiliary knitting needle at work.

Facial

The simplest loop is the front one. The symbol is an empty square or a vertical line. To knit, you need to insert the right knitting needle into the loop on the left knitting needle from left to right, hook the working thread, which should be behind the work on the index finger. Next, pull the thread through the loop and throw it onto the right knitting needle.

Two together with an inclination. Knit in the same way as a single one, only the right knitting needle is inserted into two loops on the left knitting needle at once. The symbol is a black triangle or an inclined line to the left/right and a dash perpendicular to it to the right or left.

The tilt can be to the right or left, this is done to decrease it in the desired direction. To tilt to the right, the right needle is inserted into the loops from left to right.

With a tilt to the left - the first loop is removed on the needle on the right, the next one is knitted with the front one, and the removed one is thrown onto the knitted one.

Crossed - indicated by the image of a loop. To perform this, the right knitting needle is inserted into the loop on the left needle from right to left, the working thread is hooked, and pulled through. The symbol is a black diamond.

Shifted - formed after knitting a decrease or two loops together. Their location is moved compared to the original one. The icon is an inclined line to the right or left.

Purl

When knitting this type of element, the working thread should be in front of the work. The right knitting needle must be inserted into the loop on the left knitting needle from right to left, wrapped with a working thread and pulled through. The symbol is a horizontal line.

To knit two together, you need to change one loop from the left knitting needle to the right one, then the other. Then remove them again with the left knitting needle so that they change places, knit by inserting the right knitting needle into both at once from right to left. Designation – an open triangle with the lower corner to the left. This is a left-leaning option.

Two together with a tilt to the right - we knit two elements in one step with a purl stitch, insert the right knitting needle from right to left. Designation – an open triangle with the lower corner to the right.

Crossed ones are obtained by inserting the right knitting needle from left to right from the back side of the loop, then we hook the working thread and pull it through. Designation: an open diamond.

Shifted ones are formed when two or three loops are knitted together; there are fewer of them on the knitting needle, so the remaining ones are shifted to the left or right. There is no specific symbol because they are formed by knitting two or three together, knit or purl.

Yarn over

The yarn over symbol is a circle. There are capes for yourself and for yourself. We are talking about moving a knitting needle. Which type should be knitted is indicated in the description. With the help of this element, increases are made and an openwork knit is created. There are double and triple yarn overs.

For symbols of loops in knitting patterns, special symbols are used. Each symbol shows a schematic diagram of the loop as it appears on the front side of the work. For example, a vertical stroke indicates a knit stitch, and a horizontal stroke is used to indicate a purl loop. Those who use Chinese or Japanese magazines for knitting need to know such symbols.

In diagrams with symbols, each square corresponds to 1 loop, and each line corresponds to 1 row. The rows are read from bottom to top. Usually the odd rows are numbered to the right of the diagram; if there are no special instructions, then these are facial rows, and they are read horizontally from right to left. The numbers on the left side of the diagram indicate purl rows, which are read from left to right. When knitting with circular needles in the round, all rows are read from right to left.
Sometimes the diagram shows only 1 repeating fragment of the pattern (rapport); in diagrams for complex patterns, more than 1 repeat is indicated so that you can imagine what the finished motif will look like. Rapport is indicated by a thick line that runs through the entire diagram. This line is the equivalent of the asterisk (*) or square brackets used in pattern descriptions.

The concept of rapport

The pattern can be written in text and in the form of a diagram.
A patterned fabric design usually consists of repeating elements. The part of the pattern that repeats is called rapport, or the rhythm of the pattern, and is designated *-* in the text.

In order not to clutter up the recording, not all loops along the width of the repeat are included in asterisks, but only this repeating part. The loops located before the star are made for symmetry at the beginning of the row, and those located after the stars are made at the end of the row. A certain combination of loops can be repeated several times within a repeat.

In addition to the text entry, the pattern can be read using a diagram. It is read from bottom to top. All odd rows (1, 3, 5, 7th, etc.) indicate the front side of the work and are read from right to left, all even rows (2, 4, 6, 8th, etc.) indicate the wrong side and are read from left to right.

In exceptional cases, it is usually indicated which rows are the right side of the knitting. Having finished knitting the last row (rapport height), continue to knit, reading the pattern from the 1st row, or from the row indicated at the end of the record. The width of one repeat is limited in the diagram by small vertical lines.

If we repeat the pattern twice for a sample, then we multiply the width of one repeat by 2. You should know that for the same pattern with vertical reliefs, the formula for determining the number of loops to start knitting is not always the same. If, when knitting one part of a product, loops are added at the end of a row for the symmetry of the pattern, then when casting on loops for another part of the same product, loops are not added so that when sewing the part, the overall appearance of the pattern is not disrupted.

When knitting headdresses on two knitting needles, the first and last loops of the row should be the width of one repeat, therefore, loops are not added at the end of the row for the symmetry of the pattern.

When knitting scarves, the first and last loops of the row (edges of the scarf) should be the same, which means that loops are added at the end of the row for symmetry of the pattern.

The phrase “how the loops look” means that over the loops of the bottom row, which look like knit stitches from the knitted side, knit loops are knitted, and over the loops that look like purl loops, purl loops are knitted, that is, in the knitted row we repeat the pattern of the knitted fabric of the previous row .